Australian rules football positions

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In the sport of Australian rules football, each of the eighteen players in a team are assigned to a particular named position on the field of play. These positions describe both the player's main role and by implication their location on the oval. As the game has evolved, tactics and team formations have changed, and the names of the positions and the duties involved have evolved too.

The fluid nature of the modern game means the positions in football are not as formally defined as in sports such as rugby or American football. Even so, most players will play in a limited range of positions throughout their career, as each position requires a particular set of skills. Footballers who are able to play comfortably in numerous positions are referred to as utility players.

Positions on an Australian rules football field
B:	back pocket	fullback	back pocket
HB:	half-back flank	centre half-back	half-back flank
C:	wing	centre	wing
HF:	half-forward flank	centre half-forward	half-forward flank
F:	forward pocket	full-forward	forward pocket
Foll:	ruckman	ruck rover	rover
Int:	Interchange bench	Interchange bench	Interchange bench
		Interchange bench
Coach:	coach

1 Position Groupings/Alternate Names
2 Full Back
3 Back Pocket
4 Centre Half-Back
5 Half-Back Flank
6 Midfield
7 Centre Half-Forward
8 Half-Forward Flank
9 Full Forward
10 Forward Pocket
11 Followers
12 Taggers
13 Interchange Bench
14 Utility Players
15 See also
16 References

[edit] Position Groupings/Alternate Names

Full Back, Centre-Half Back: Key Defenders or Tall Defenders

Half-Back Flankers: Half Back

Ruckman, Ruck-Rover, Rover: Followers, On-Ballers

Wingers, Centre: Midfield

(Nowadays, the terms 'Midfield', 'Followers' or 'On ballers' may refer to wingers, centre, rover and ruck-rover. In this usage, it sometimes, but not always, includes the ruckman)

Ruckmen: Big Men

Half-Forward Flankers: Half-Forward

Centre-Half Forward, Full Forward: Key forwards or Tall Forwards

Ruckmen, Key Forwards, Key Defenders: Tall timber (this is a slang term but it refers to all the players whose height is more important than their speed)

A small, fast, Forward Pocket is sometimes called a 'crumber' or 'small forward'. A ruckman playing in the forward line between stints in the midfield is a 'resting ruckman' (as in, he's taking a rest from ruck duties by playing up forward).

A Back Pocket/Half-Back Flanker who's main job is to rebound the ball out of defence may be called a 'rebounder' or 'mop-up player'. A player who is really good at setting up attacks from defence, due to their quality ball skills and decision-making abilites, may be referred to as a Quarterback (this is a slang term and a reference to American Football).

A midfielder who's main job is to stick to an opposing midfielder and limit his influence is a 'tagger'. Sometimes he is called a 'defensive midfielder'.

[edit] Full Back

The fullback position has traditionally been a purely defensive role, with the aim of preventing the full-forward from marking the ball and scoring. However, in recent times, where the ability to move the ball out of defense and down the field quickly has become a more important tactic, the fullback often starts a chain of passes up the ground. The defensive aspect of the position remains important, with the ability to accelerate and change direction quickly. Spoiling the ball is also of utmost importance. The fullback often kicks the ball back into play after a point has been scored, although some teams prefer a midfielder for this role, freeing the (typically taller) fullback player to attempt to mark the kick in.

Notable Full Backs:

[edit] Back Pocket

The back pocket refers to a position on the field deep in defence.

Back pocket players need to have good spoiling skills and usually, quality back-pockets are noted for their hardness. Back pockets generally play on the smaller, faster forward pockets and let the fullback play on the stronger full forward.

Some back-pockets are small, fast players, whose role is to clear a loose ball from defence or play on a forward of similar size and speed. Others are 'mid-sized' defenders, with enough height and strength to contest or spoil marks and enough mobility to fulfil the first role.

Back pocket is not an exclusive position. Tall defenders (ie. full back/centre half-back) may play in the back pocket to match up effectively on a tall forward playing in the forward pocket.

Notable Back Pockets:

[edit] Centre Half-Back

The centre half-back ideally needs to be considerably strong, tall, fast and courageous. Centre half-back is considered a key position in defence. There are two main styles of centre half-back. The more defensive, one-on-one centre half-backs, stick to the centre half forwards and try to take them out of the game. Other teams use a more attacking and loose (i.e. not marking his man closely) player at CHB that will try and rebound the ball out of defence and make the transition into attack a lot quicker. An example of this sort of player is Chad Cornes. A traditional centre half-back is a mixture of the two, however in the modern game there is not much difference between a centre half-back and a full-back. A full-back will often play against the centre half-forward if they suit their opponent.

Notable Centre Half-Backs:

[edit] Half-Back Flank

The half-back flank is very similar to the back pocket position. However, a true half-back flanker is more attacking and concentrates on rebounding the ball out of the defensive 50. Sometimes half-back flankers even forgo their defensive duties in order to be more attacking. When a half-back flanker is attacking, they play like a wing-back in soccer (or an attacking full-back), and if they are more defensive then they play like a traditional full-back in soccer.

Notable Half-Back Flankers:

[edit] Midfield

The midfield consists of the centre and the two wingmen. Centres are normally the silkiest player on the ground and possess fantastic on-the-ball skills (usually on both sides of the body). Wingmen (of which there are two, on the left and right side) have fantastic stamina and are in good cardiovascular condition while having similar skills to that of a centre.

Notable Centres:

Notable Wingmen:

[edit] Centre Half-Forward

The Centre half-forward's role is usually the most demanding of any player on field, with a tall frame, good marking skills, strength and most importantly, athleticism, required.

Notable Centre Half-Forwards:

Current players: Chris Grant, Nick Riewoldt, Warren Tredrea, Scott Lucas, Jonathan Brown, Matthew Pavlich, Anthony Rocca

[edit] Half-Forward Flank

Standing wide of the Centre Half-forward, the Half-Forward flankers provide an alternate target for balls coming from the midfield.

Half-Forward flankers usually move the ball into the forward line along the flanks. They might kick the ball into the forward line, pass the ball to another running player, or have a shot at goal themselves. Nowadays, Half-Forward flankers usually push into the midfield, and rather than being a specialist position, Half-Forward flank can be played by centres, wingers, rovers/ruck rovers, or even attacking Half-Back flankers.

Notable Half-Forward Flankers:

[edit] Full Forward

Full Forwards are good at one-on-one contests with the opposition and are the main target in the forward line when attacking. This means they can produce mass amounts of goals in a season or match. Contests in the goalsquare require the strength and weight to be able to jostle or wrestle opponents to front position and keep fullbacks at bay and not as much running is required as midfielders. As a result, full-forwards are typically both tall and powerfully built.

As well as contesting marks with their strength, Full Forwards will try to run into space to shake off their defender and take an uncontested mark (this is known as 'leading', 'leading for the ball' or 'leading into space'). This means that the Full Forward needs to be fast, but only in short bursts. In modern times, some teams have experimented by playing a smaller, faster player (possibly a former forward pocket or flanker) at Full Forward, in order to beat the defender with speed rather than strength. In the case of Mark Williams (Hawthorn) and Brad Johnson (Western Bulldogs), this has been extremely successful.

Notable Full Forwards:

Current players: Brendan Fevola, Fraser Gehrig, Matthew Lloyd, Quinten Lynch, Barry Hall, David Neitz, Matthew Richardson, Brad Johnson, Mark Williams

[edit] Forward Pocket

The forward pocket is designed as either a role for a second full forward (also known as a third key forward) or for players who are smaller but faster and more agile and capable of kicking brilliantly on the run (this is the more traditional forward pocket). Many forward pockets, like rovers, are quick thinking and opportunistic crumbing players. This means that they need to be short enough to pick up after it hits the ground from a contest, think and move quickly to evade potential tackles, and kick or set up a goal.

Like Back Pockets, some Forward Pockets are like medium sized Full Forwards- tall and strong enough to contest marks, and mobile enough to crumb the ball. Some players in this mould, such as Russell Robertson, are capable of playing Full Forward outright.

Crumbing Forward Pockets don't exclusively crumb the ball. Sometimes, they lead for the ball like Full Forwards, so they have to be competent at marking the ball. Some Forward Pockets can even jump so high that they can contest marks, despite their lack of height.

Notable Forward Pockets:

[edit] Followers

The followers are 3 different roles, the ruck, rover and ruck-rover.

Also known as the on-ball division, the followers consist of three players - a ruckman, ruck rover, and rover. They are known as followers because they have traditionally been used as players that follow the ball all around the ground, as opposed to playing in a set position (although with modern Australian rules football, there is a decreased emphasis on set positions. That said, followers do cover much more ground than any other player on the field).

Ruckman - his role is to contest with the opposing ruckman at centre-bounces that take place at the start of each quarter or after each goal, and at stoppages (ie, boundary throw ins, ball ups). The ruckman usually uses his height (typically players are over 195 cm tall) to palm/tap the ball down so that a ruck rover or rover can run onto it- similar to an NBA center at the tip-off. Traditionally, ruckman have simply been tall players with limited skill and speed, whose only job was to provide a contest in the ruck. However, in recent times ruckmen have become faster and more skilled, so they can play as an extra midfielder in between ruck contests.

The tallest AFL players ever are ruckmen Aaron Sandilands (Fremantle) and Peter Street (Western Bulldogs), who both measure in at 211cm. Before them, the record was held by Matthew 'Spider' Burton (Fremantle/North Melbourne) at 210cm. While Burton has retired, Street and Sandilands are young and are still playing.

Ruck-rover - his role is to be directly beneath the flight of the ball when a ruckman taps the ball down, allowing an easy take away, or clearance, from a stoppage. Typically players are not as tall as the ruckman, typically ranging from 170-190cm in height.

Rover - his role is to lurk around centre bounces and stoppages to receive the ball from a ruckman or ruck rover and complete a clearance. Rovers are typically the smallest player on the ground. They are said to be disappearing at elite level in favour of taller ruck-rovers.

Notable Ruckmen:

Notable Rovers:

Notable Ruck-Rovers:

[edit] Taggers

Taggers, also known as "run-with" players, are not as highly skilled as other players on the field, nor do they have any set position. Their role is to shut down, follow, run with, mark and sometimes nag their chosen opponent. They are considered "negative" players, and are often used on players that are deemed to be the most dangerous and have the most impact in a game. Taggers have only really been used in recent years, and such players to have earned "tag" status include Ben Cousins, Chris Judd, James Hird, Nathan Buckley and Jason Akermanis, all players who are capable of destruction if they are not tightly manned. Jason Akermanis has criticised one of his most frequent tagging opponents, Jared Crouch, for the negative influence he has, not so much on Akermanis' game, but the game of Australian rules football in general.

Taggers possess a high level of fitness and can run with such star players all day, and often players from an athletic background that do not possess silky skills will be assigned to tag a player. Some players, such as Cameron Ling, who made a name for themselves as taggers have 'stepped up' and become players who frequently get tagged themselves.

Notable taggers:

[edit] Interchange Bench

Interchange, also often known as "the bench". Players named on the interchange bench are not permitted to enter the field of play unless substituting for a player during the game.

Up to four players can be named on the bench, although this number has steadily increased over the decades from a single player in the 1930s. Representative teams (such as State of Origin teams or honorific teams such as the AFL Team of the Century), practise and exhibition matches often feature an extended interchange bench of up to six or eight players.

Up until the 1970s, the single interchange player, known as the "nineteenth man," acted only as a substitution for an injured or out of form player; the player substituted out of the game could take no further part. Since the 1970s, interchange has increased from two to three to four players, and substitutions may be made as often as the coach wishes, with players allowed to be moved onto and off from the ground for several rests during the game.

[edit] Utility Players

There are very few players in the AFL league who possess the skill and poise to be able to consistently perform to a very high standard in a number of various positions. Some of these players do not receive the recognision they deserve, while others, such as Matthew Pavlich and Adam Goodes, are praised for their versatility and ability to influence a game from any position.

Traditionally, a Utility player is an unheralded, but nonetheless important player. He doesn't dominate one position, instead, he is like a 'spare parts' player because he can fill in at a variety of positions and do a very good job in each.

Nowadays, the need for more versatility in players has resulted in many players 'doubling up' their roles. Practically every midfielder can play Forward Pocket, Back Pocket, Half-Forward Flank or Half-Back Flank. Most, if not all, starting ruckmen can play as tall forwards, or in rarer cases, tall defenders. Some tall defenders can play as tall forwards and vice-versa. This means that most AFL players have a specialist position and one or two 'fill-in' positions.

One exception to this would be a player who is actually a specialist at two positions, not just a fill-in (ie. Adam Hunter, the Eagles' best Centre-Half Back, is also one of their most dominant Full Forwards). Another exception would be midfielders, such as James Hird and Anthony Koutoufides, who have the height and strength to play key positions. This requires an extremely rare blend of skills and abilities.

Below are a number of players who are notable for their ability to dominate various positions.

Notable Players

Adam Goodes While he hasn't literally played every single position throughout his career, Goodes has shown that he is capable of playing absolutely anywhere on the field, thanks to a rare combination of height, strength, speed, mobility, skill, endurance, and ability to ruck.
Matthew Pavlich Similar to Goodes, Pavlich has the skills to play every position EXCEPT ruckman.
Adam Hunter Centre-Half Back, Full Back, Centre-Half Forward, Full Forward
Chris Judd Ruck Rover, Half Forward Flank, Full Forward
Andrew Embley Wing, Centre, Centre-Half Forward, Full Forward, Half-Forward Flank
Brad Johnson Centre Half Forward, Full Forward, Ruck Rover
James Hird Forward Pocket, Half Forward Flank, Wing, Rover, Half Back, Centre-Half Back, Centre-Half Forward
Anthony Koutoufides Wing, Centre, Rover, Centre-Half Back, Centre-Half Forward

[edit] See also

[edit] References

AFL "Guide to Season 2005" (2004) p. 493

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Categories: Australian rules football terminology | Australian rules football