Bogdan III cel Orb
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Bogdan III cel Orb or Bogdan cel Chior (Bogdan III the Blind or Bogdan the One-Eyed; b. 1470 or 1471, based on the mention that he was 27 years old when his father died, d. April 20, 1517, in Huşi) was Voivode (Prince) of Moldavia between July 2, 1504 and 1517, only surviving legitimate son (from the Prince's marriage to Maria Voichiţa) and successor of Stephen III (Ştefan cel Mare - Stephen the Great).
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[edit] Conflict with Poland and Tatar incursions
Immediately after Bogdan came to the throne, he expressed his wish to marry Elisabeth, sister of Polish King Alexander the Jagiellonian; after being twice refused despite offering generous gifts (including territorial concessions), he raided southern Poland, and was conceded his demands - based on his promise to be more lenient towards the status of the Roman Catholic Church in Moldavia - in 1506. Alexander's death and Sigismund the Old's ascendancy led to a breaking of the previous agreement, provoking further incursions on each side. In October 1509, Bogdan was severely defeated on the Dniester river; a peace was signed on January 17, 1510, when the ruler finally renounced his pretensions.
In the same year, Moldavia suffered two major Tatar devastations (they are alleged to have carried away 74,000 as slaves) - in 1511, the Tatars even managed to occupy most of the country. The events forced Poland, still recovering from the great invasion of 1506 (see Tatar invasions), to send troops as aid, helping Bogdan regain his lands after a victory in May 1512.
[edit] Submission to Ottoman rule
In 1514, in order to block the Tatar threat by enlisting the help of a powerful overlord, Bogdan sent chancellor Tăutu to negotiate the terms of Moldavia's submission to the Ottoman Empire (then under the rule of Yavuz Sultan Selim, or Selim I).
The Porte demanded that a certain sum (initially expressed as 4,000 gold coins) be paid yearly, together with a ceremonial gift of 40 horses and 40 falcons, additional expenses (such as for the celebration of the and a promise of the Eid ul-Fitr) and assistance in case of war - Princes themselves were required to lead a 4,000-strong army that would place itself under the orders of the Sultan. In exchange for these, Moldavia was allowed a high level of autonomy.
[edit] Life
Bogdan was blind in one eye, most likely after a wound received during one of his many battles. While the rules of succession to the throne did exclude an impaired individual, as însemnat ("marked"), they seem to have applied just to people who had been afflicted before their candidacy to the throne, and certainly for those with congenital disorders.
He was married to Stana, Nastasia and finally to Ruxandra - daughter of Wallachian Prince Mihnea cel Rău.
He was buried next to his father (and other members of his family) in Putna Monastery.
[edit] External links
| Preceded by Stephen the Great |
Prince/Voivode of Moldavia 1504 - 1517 |
Succeeded by Ştefăniţă |
