Khafra

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NAME Khafra
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Chephren, Khaf-Re, Khauf-Re, Khafre, Khephren, Khafra
SHORT DESCRIPTION Pharaoh of Egypt
DATE OF BIRTH {{{Birth}}}
PLACE OF BIRTH Ancient Egypt
DATE OF DEATH {{{Death}}}
PLACE OF DEATH Ancient Egypt
Preceded by:
Djedefra		 Pharaoh of Egypt
4th Dynasty		 Succeeded by:
Menkaura
Khafra
Chephren, Khaf-Re, Khauf-Re, Khafre, Khephren, Khafra
Portrait of Khafra, originally found at Mit Rahina, now residing in the Egyptian Museum, in Cairo.
Portrait of Khafra, originally found at Mit Rahina, now residing in the Egyptian Museum, in Cairo.
Reign 2650 BC–2480 BC
Nomen
G39 N5
<
N5 N28 I9
>

Khafra
Appearing like Re[1]
Died 2480 BC
Major
Monuments		 The Pyramid of Khafra
The Pyramid of Khafra 29°58′32″N, 31°07′52″E and the Great Sphinx of Giza
The Pyramid of Khafra 29°58′32″N, 31°07′52″E and the Great Sphinx of Giza
Khafre also refers to a block cipher.

Khafra or Khafre (Greek Chephren *ḫāʔaf-riʔu) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the Fourth dynasty, with his capital at Memphis. According to some authors he was the brother and successor of Khufu, but it is more commonly accepted that Djedefra was Khufu's successor and Khafra was Djedefra's.

[edit] Reign

There is no agreement on the date of his reign; some authors say it was between 2558 BC and 2532 BC; this dynasty is commonly dated ca. 2650 BC–2480 BC. While the Turin King List figure for his reign is lost in a lacuna, and Manetho's exaggerates his reign as 66 years, most scholars believe it was between 24 to 26 years, based upon the date of the Will of Prince Nekure which was carved on the walls of this Prince's mastaba tomb. The will is dated anonymously to the Year of the 12th Count and is assumed to belong to Khafra since Nekure was his son. Khafra's highest year date is the "Year of the 13th occurence" which is a painted date on the back of a casing stone beonging to mastaba G 7650.[2] This would imply a reign of 24-25 years for this king if the cattle count was biannual during the Fourth Dynasty. Khafra built the second largest pyramid at Giza, the Great Sphinx and a temple, which is the only surviving example of a temple of this Dynasty of the Old Kingdom.

His name, Khaf-Ra, means "Appearing like Ra" for some translators and "rise Ra!" for others; the meaning is most probably the first, according to the hieroglyphic representing his name, which includes that crown. The name of Khafre's pyramid at Giza--which is the second largest of the 3 famous pyramids of Giza--means "Khafre is Great" in Egyptian.[3]

[edit] References

  1. ^ Peter Clayton, Chronicle of the Pharaohs, Thames and Hudson Ltd, 1994, p.50
  2. ^ Anthony Spalinger, Dated Texts of the Old Kingdom, SAK 21 91994), p.287
  3. ^ The Great Pyramid of Khafre
  • James H. Breasted, Ancient Records of Egypt Part I, §§ 192, (1906) on 'The Will of Nekure'.

[edit] External links


Preceded by
Djedefra		 Pharaoh of Egypt
Fourth Dynasty		 Succeeded by
Menkaura
Notable Ancient Egyptians edit
Early Dynastic Rulers: Narmer | Hor-Aha | Menes
Old Kingdom Rulers: Djoser | Sneferu | Khufu | Khafra | Menkaura | Pepi II
Middle Kingdom Rulers: Mentuhotep II | Mentuhotep IV | Senusret III | Amenemhat III | Sobekneferu
New Kingdom Rulers: Hatshepsut | Thutmose III | Amenhotep III | Akhenaten | Tutankhamun | Ramesses I | Seti I | Ramesses II
Other Rulers: Shoshenq I | Piye | Taharqa | Psammetichus I | Ptolemy I | Cleopatra VII
Consorts: Tetisheri | Ahmose-Nefertari | Ahmose | Tiye | Nefertiti | Ankhesenamun | Nefertari | Mark Antony
Court officials: Imhotep | Weni | Ahmose, son of Ebana | Ineni | Senemut | Rekhmire | Yuya | Maya | Yuny | Manetho | Pothinus


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