From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
[edit] Antiquity
- Agamede, 12th century, (possibly mythical) physician in Ancient Greece
- Aglaonike, (unknown), the first woman astronomer in Ancient Greece
- Agnodike, (4th century BCE), the first woman physician to practice legally in Athens
- Arete of Cyrene, (5th - 4th centuries BCE), natural and moral philosopher, North Africa
- Artemisia of Caria, (c 300 BCE), botanist
- Aspasia of Miletus, (4th century BCE), philosopher and scientist
- Cleopatra the Alchemist, (1st century BCE - 1st century AD)
- Diotima (4th century BCE), philosopher and scientist, ancient Greece
- Enheduanna (c. 2285-2250 BCE), Sumerian/Akkadian astronomer and poet
- Hypatia of Alexandria, (370 - 415), mathematician and astronomer, Egypt
- Mary the Jewess, (1st or 2nd century CE), alchemist
- Merit Ptah, (c.2700 BCE), Egyptian physician
- Pythias of Assos, (4th century BCE), marine zoologist
- Tapputi-Belatekallim, (c 1200 BCE), Babylonian chemist
- Theano (6th century BCE), philosopher, mathematician and physician
[edit] Middle Ages
- Abella, (14th century), Italian physician
- Dorotea Bocchi, (fl. 1390), Italian professor of medicine
- Empress Theodora, (500-545), Byzantine philosopher and mathematician
- Jacobina Felice, (fl. 1322), Italian physician
- Alessandra Giliani, (fl. 1318), Italian anatomist
- Heloise, (12th century), French mathematician and physician
- Herrad of Landsberg (c 1130 - 1195), German/French author of the encyclopedia and technological compendium Garden of Delight
- Hildegard von Bingen, (1099 - 1179), German natural philosopher
- Mercuridae, (14th century), Italian physician
- Trotula Platearius, (c. 1000), Italian physician
[edit] 15th to 17th centuries
- Aphra Behn, (1640 - 1689), British astronomer
- Juliana Berners, (fl. 1460), British natural historian
- Celia Grillo Borromeo, (1684 - 1777), Italian natural philosopher
- Sophia Brahe, (1556 - 1643), Danish astronomer and chemist
- Margaret Cavendish, (1623 - 1673), natural philosopher
- Maria Cunitz, (1610-1664), German astronomer
- Du Chatelet, Martine de Birtereau, Baroness of Beausoleil, (1602-1642), French mineralogist and mining engineer
- Jeanne Dumée, (fl. 1680), French astronomer
- Elisabeth of Bohemia, Princess Palatine, (1618 - 1680), German natural philosopher
- Françoise Grigan, (1646 - 1705), French natural philosopher
- Elisabetha Koopman Hevelius, (ca. 1646), Polish astronomer
- Anne de La Vigne, (b. 1684), French natural philosopher
- Maria Sibylla Merian (1647 - 1717), naturalist
- Tarquinia Molza, (1542 - 1617), Italian natural philosopher
- Elena Cornaro Piscopia, (1646 - 1684), Italian mathematician and the first female PhD
- Louise-Anastasia Serment, (1642 - 1692), French natural philosopher
- Jane Sharp, (fl. 1671), British midwife
- Lorenna Strozzi, (1515 - 1591), Italian natural philospoher
[edit] 18th century
- Maria Gaetana Agnesi, (1718 - 1799), Italian mathematician
- Maria Ardinghelli, (1728 - 1825), Italian mathematician and physicist
- Anna Atkins, (1799 - 1871), British botanist
- Maria Dalle Donne, (1778 - 1842), Italian physician
- Dorothea Leporin Erxleben, (1715 - 1762), German physician
- Sophie Germain, (1776 - 1831), elasticity theory, number theory
- Catherine Littlefield Green, (1755 - 1814), American inventor
- Claudine Guyton de Morveau, (c. 1770 - c. 1820), French natural philosopher
- Josephine Kablick, (b. 1787), Botanist
- Christine Kirch, (c. 1696 - 1782), German astronomer
- Maria Margarethe Kirch, (1670 - 1720), German astronomer
- Maria La Chapelle, (1769 - 1821), French midwife
- Marie Améile Lalande, (fl. 1790), French astronomer
- Marie Paulze Lavoisier, (1758 - 1836), French chemist and illustrator
- Nichole-Reine Etable de la Brière Lepaute, (1723-1788), French astronomer
- Martha Daniell Logan, (1702 - 1779), American horticulturist
- Anna Morandi Manzolini, (1716 - 1774), Italian physician and anatomist
- Maria Pettracini, (fl. 1780), Italian anatomist and physician
- Louise du Pierry, (b. 1746), French astronomer
- Martha Laurens Ramsey, (1718 - 1811), American agronomist
[edit] 19th century
- Elisabeth Adams, (19th century)
- Elizabeth Cary Agassiz, (1822 - 1907), American natural historian
- Mary Albertson, American astronomer and biologist
- Elizabeth Garrett Anderson, (1836 - 1917), British physician
- Mary Anning, (1799 - 1847), British natural historian
- Hertha Marks Ayrton, (1854 - 1923), British physicist
- Sara Josephine Baker, (1873 - 1945), American doctor who created the field of child hygiene
- Florence Bascom, (1862 - 1945), American geologist
- Isabella Bird Bishop, (1831 - 1904), British natural historian
- Elizabeth Blackwell, (1821 - 1910), American physician
- Marie Gillain Boivin, (1773 - 1841), French midwife
- Mary Layne Brandegee, (1844 - 1920), American biologist
- Elizabeth Knight Britton, (1858 - 1934), American biologist
- Mary E. Britton, (19th century)
- Elizabeth Brown, (d. 1899), British astronomer
- Mary Morland Buckland, (d. 1857), British natural historian
- Mary Whiton Calkins, (1863 - 1930), American psychologist
- Annie Jump Cannon, (1863 - 1941), American astronomer
- Mary Agnes Meara Chase, (1869 - 1963), American biologist
- Cornelia Clapp, (1849 - 1934), American zoologist
- Agnes Mary Claypole, (1870 - 1954), American biologist
- Edith Jane Claypole, (1870 - 1915), American biologist
- Agnes Mary Clerke, (1842 - 1907), British astronomer
- Anna Botsford Comstock, (1854 - 1930), American natural historian
- A. Grace Cook, American astronomer
- Clara Eaton Cummings, (1853 - 1906), American biologist
- Florence Cushman, American astronomer
- Lydia Maria Adams DeWitt, (1 Feb 1859 - 10 Mar 1928) American pathologist
- Amalie Dietrich, (1821 - 1891), German natural historian
- Maria Dalle Donne, (19th century)
- June Etta Downey, (1875 - 1932), American psychologist
- Mary Anna Palmer Draper, (1839 - 1914), American astronomer
- Alice Eastwood, (1859 - 1953), American biologist
- Rosa Smith Eigenmann, (1858 - 1947), American biologist
- Mileva Einstein-Maric, (1875-1948), Serbian/Swiss physicist
- Ellen Eglui, (19th century)
- Mary Orr Evershed, (1867 - 1949), British astronomer
- Margaret Clay Ferguson, (1863 - 1951), American biologist
- Alice Cunningham Fletcher, (1838 - 1923), American ethnologist
- Williamina Fleming, (1857 - 1911), Scottish/American astronomer
- Lydia Folger Fowler, (1822 - 1879), American physician
- Harriet Boyd Hawes, (1871 - 1945), American archeologist
- Margaret Lindsay Murray Huggins, (1848 - 1915), British astronomer
- Ida Henrietta Hyde, (1857 - 1945), American biologist
- Marcia Keith, (1859 - 1950), American physicist
- Mary Kies, (19th century), American inventor
- Helen Dean King, (1869 - 1955), American biologist
- Margaret Knight, (1838 - 1914), American inventor
- Sofia Kovalevskaya (1850 – 1891), Russian mathematician (partial differential equations, rotating solids, Abelian functions)
- Christine Ladd-Franklin, (1847 - 1930), American psychologist
- Lefebre, (19th century)
- Henrietta Swan Leavitt, (1868 - 1921), American astronomer
- Sarah Plumber Lemmon, (1836 - 1923), American biologist
- Jane Webb Loudon, (1807 - 1858), British botanist
- Augusta Ada Byron Lovelace, (1815 - 1851), British mathematician
- Mary Horner Lyell, (1808 - 1873), British geologist
- A. H. Manning, (19th century)
- Margaret Eliza Maltby, (1860 - 1944), American physicist
- Jane Haldimand Marcet, (1769 - 1858), British natural philosopher
- Lillen Jane Martin, (1851 - 1943), American psychologist
- Sarah Mather, (19th century)
- Annie Russell Maunder, (1868 - 1947), Irish astronomer
- Antonia Caetana Maury, (1866 - 1952), American astronomer
- Carlotta Joaquina Maury, (1874 - 1938), American paleontologist
- Olive Thorne Miller, (1831 - 1918), American natural historian
- Maria Mitchell, (1818 - 1889), American astronomer
- Mary Murtfeldt, (1848 - 1913), American biologist
- Edith Marion Patch, (1876 - 1954), American biologist
- Florence Peebles, (1874 - 1956), American biologist
- Mary Engle Pennington, (1872 - 1952), American chemist
- Sophia Pereyaslaw, (19th century)
- Almira Hart Lincoln Phelps, (1793 - 1884), American science educator
- Beatrix Potter, (1866 - 1943), British mycologist
- Mary Jane Rathbun, (1860 - 1943), American marine biologist
- Ellen Swallow Richards, (1842 - 1911), American industrial and environmental chemist
- Emily Roebling, (1844 - 1903), American civil engineer
- Clemence Augustine Royer, (1830 - )
- Caterina Scarpellini, (1808 - )
- Rena Florence Sabin, (1871 - 1953), American anatomist and public health official
- Ethel Sargant, (1863 - 1918), British biologist
- Lucy Sistare Say, (1801 - 1885), American scientific illustrator
- Ellen Churchill Semple, (1863 - 1932), American geographer
- Annie Lorrain Smith, (1854 - 1937), British lichenologist and mycologist
- Mary Somerville, (1780 - 1872), British physicist
- Nettie Stevens, (1861 - 1912), American geneticist
- Mary Walker, (1832 - 1919), American surgeon
- Margaret Floy Washburn, (1871 - 1939), American psychologist
- Sarah F. Whiting, (1846 - 1927), American astronomer and physicist
- Mary Watson Whitney, (1847 - 1921), American astronomer
- Fiammetta Wilson, (1864 - 1920), British astronomer
- Anna Winlock, (1857 - 1904), American astronomer
- Anne Sewell Young, (1871 - 1961), American astronomer
- Emily Blackwell, (1826 - 1910 ), American Physician
[edit] 20th century
- Faye Ajzenberg-Selove (1926 - ) [1]
- Betsy Ancker-Johnson (1929 - ) [2]
- Hertha Marks Ayrton, (1854 - 1923), British mathematician and electrical engineer (electric arcs, sand ripples, invention of several devices, geometry) [3]
- Milla Baldo-Ceolin [4]
- Yvonne Barr, (1932 - ), British virologist (co-discovery of Epstein-Barr virus)
- Olive Ann Beech, (1920 - 1986)
- Ruth Benedict, (1887 - 1948), American anthropologist
- Susan Blackmore (1951 - ), British science writer (memetics, evolutionary theory, consciousness, parapsychology)
- Mary Adela Blagg, (1858 - 1944), British astronomer
- Marietta Blau (1894 - 1970) [5]
- Katharine Blodgett (1898 - 1979) [6]
- Christiane Bonnelle [7]
- Alice Middleton Boring, (1883 - 1955), American biologist
- Jenny Bramley (1909 - 1997) [8]
- Harriet Brooks (1876 - 1933) [9]
- Linda B. Buck, (1947 - ), American neuroscientist (Nobel prize for olfactory receptors)
- Margaret Burbidge, (1919 - ), British astrophysicist [10]
- Jocelyn Bell Burnell (1943 - ), British astrophysicist (discovery of radio pulsars) [11]
- Nina Byers (1930 - ) [12]
- Annie Jump Cannon, (1863 - 1941), American astronomer
- Silvia Helena Cardoso (1963-), Brazilian neurobiologist
- Estrella Eleanor Carothers, (1883 - 1957), American biologist
- Mary L. Cartwright (1900 - 1998) [13]
- Yvette Cauchois (1908 - 1999) [14]
- Yvette Choquet-Bruhat (1923 - ) [15]
- Patricia Cladis (1937 - ) [16]
- Janine Connes [17]
- Esther Conwell (1922 - ) [18]
- Heather Couper (1949 - ), British astronomer (astronomy popularisation, science education)
- Deborah Crocker, (1957 - )
- Maria Skłodowska-Curie, (1867-1934), Polish-French chemist (pioneer in radiology, discovery of polonium and radium) [19]
- Cecile DeWitt-Morette (1922 - ) [20]
- Louise Dolan [21]
- Nancy M. Dowdy (1938 - ) [22]
- Mildred Dresselhaus (1930 - ) [23]
- Helen Edwards (1936 - ) [24]
- Tatjana Ehrenfest-Afanassjewa (1876 - 1964) [25]
- Gertrude B. Elion, (1918 - 1999), American biochemist (Nobel prize for drug development)
- Magda Ericson (1929 - ) [26]
- Sandra Faber (1944 - ) [27]
- Rosalind Franklin, (1920 - 1957), British physical chemist and crystallographer
- Judy Franz (1938 - ) [28]
- Phyllis S. Freier (1921 - 1992) [29]
- Mary K. Gaillard (1939 - ) [30]
- Fanny Gates (1872 - 1931) [31]
- Kate Gleason, (1865 - 1933), American engineer
- Ellen Gleditsch (1879 - 1968) [32]
- Claire F. Gmachl American physicist
- Gertrude Scharff Goldhaber (1911 - 1998) [33]
- Sulamith Goldhaber (1923 - 1965) [34]
- Evelyn Boyd Granville, (1924 - )
- Susan Greenfield (1951 - ), British neurophysiologist (neurophysiology of the brain, popularisation of science)
- Gail Hanson (1947 - ) [35]
- Anna J. Harrison, (1912 - 1998), American organic chemist
- Evans Hayward (1922 - ) [36]
- Caroline Herzenberg (1932 - ) [37]
- Dorothy Crowfoot Hodgkin, (1910 - 1994), British X-ray crystallographer [38]
- Grace Hopper, (1906 - 1992), American computer scientist
- Sethanne Howard, (1944 - )
- Shirley Jackson (1946 - ) [39]
- Bertha Swirles Jeffreys (1903 - 1999) [40]
- Irène Joliot-Curie (1897 – 1956), French chemist and nuclear physicist [41]
- Carole Jordan, (1941 - ), British solar physicist
- Renata Kallosh (1943 - ) [42]
- Berta Karlik (1904 - 1990) [43]
- Bruria Kaufman (1918 - ) [44]
- Marcia Keith (1859 - 1950) [45]
- Margaret Kivelson (1928 - ) [46]
- Dorothea Klumpke, (1861 - 1942), American-born astronomer
- Noemie Benczer Koller (1933 - ) [47]
- Doris Kuhlmann-Wilsdorf (1922 - ) [48]
- Stephanie Kwolek (1923 - ), American chemist, inventor of Kevlar
- Elizabeth Laird (1874 - 1969) [49]
- Henrietta Leavitt, (1868 - 1921), American astronomer (periodicity of variable stars)
- Juliet Lee-Franzini (1933 - ) [50]
- Inge Lehmann (1888 - 1993) [51]
- Rita Levi-Montalcini, (1909 - ), Italian neurologist (Nobel prize for growth factors)
- Kathleen Lonsdale (1903 - 1971) [52]
- Margaret E. Maltby (1860 - 1944), American physicist [53]
- Maria Goeppert-Mayer, (1906 - 1972), German-American physicist [54]
- Barbara McClintock, (1902 - 1992), American geneticist
- Helen Megaw (1907 - ) [55]
- Lise Meitner, (1878 - 1968), Austrian nuclear physicist (pioneering nuclear physics, discovery of nuclear fission, protactinum, and the Auger effect)
- Maud Menten, (1879 - 1960), Canadian biochemist
- Kirstine Meyer (1861 - 1941) [56]
- Luise Meyer-Schutzmeister (1915 - 1981) [57]
- Anna Nagurney, Canadian-born, US operations researcher/management scientist focusing on networks
- Ann Nelson, (1958 - ), American physicist
- Marcia Neugebauer [58]
- Gertrude Neumark (1927 - ) [59]
- Ida Tacke Noddack (1896 - 1979) [60]
- Emmy Noether, (1882 - 1935), German mathematician and theoretical physicist (symmetries and conservation laws) [61]
- Christiane Nüsslein-Volhard, (1942 - ), German geneticist and developmental biologist (Nobel prize for homeobox genes)
- Donna Osif, (20th century), meteorologist [62]
- Cecilia Payne-Gaposchkin, (1900 - 1978), British-American astronomer
- Marguerite Perey (1909 - 1975) [63]
- Melba Phillips (1907 - ) [64]
- Agnes Pockels (1862 - 1935) [65]
- P. Ya. Polubarinova-Kochina (1899 - ) [66]
- Edith Quimby (1891 - 1982) [67]
- Helen Quinn (1943 - ) [68]
- Lisa Randall, (1962 - ), American physicist
- F. Gwendolen Rees, (1906 - 1994), British parasitologist
- Anita Roberts, (1942 - 2006), American molecular biologist, "mother of TGF-Beta"
- Georgia Dwelle Rooks, (20th century)
- Vera Rubin (1928 - ) [69]
- Myriam Sarachik (1933 - ) [70]
- Bice Sechi-Zorn (1928 - 1984) [71]
- Johanna Levelt Sengers [72]
- Patsy Sherman, (20th century)
- Hertha Sponer (1895 - 1968) [73]
- Isabelle Stone (1868 - 1944) [74]
- Ida Noddack Tacke, (1896 - 1978), German chemist and physicist
- Maria Telkes, (1900 - 1995), Hungarian-American biophysicist
- Katharine Way (1903 - 1995) [75]
- Mary Olliden Weaver, (20th century), inventor
- Sarah Whiting (1847 - 1927) [76]
- Margo Wilson, (1945 - ), Canadian evolutionary psychologist
- Dorothy Wrinch, (1894 - 1976), British mathematician and theoretical biochemist
- Chien-Shiung Wu, (1912 - 1997), Chinese-American physicist (nuclear physics, (non) conservation of parity) [77]
- Sau Lan Wu [78]
- Xide Xie (Hsi-teh Hsieh) (1921 - 2000) [79]
- Rosalyn Sussman Yalow, (1921 - ), American medical physicist (Nobel prize for radioimmunoassay) [80]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
[edit] External links
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