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Lowell Observatory - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lowell Observatory

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Lowell Observatory

The Clark Telescope Dome on Mars Hill
Organization: Private institution
Location: Flagstaff, Arizona
Coordinates: 35°12′10″N, 111°39′52″W
Altitude: 7,250 feet (2175 meters)
Established: 1894
Website: http://www.lowell.edu
Telescopes
Discovery Channel Telescope: 4.2 meter telescope (under construction near Happy Jack, Arizona)
Perkins Telescope: 1.8 meter cassegrain telescope (located at Anderson Mesa)
John S. Hall Telescope: 42" (1.05 meter) Ritchey-Chretien telescope (located at Anderson Mesa)
Unnamed telescope: 31" (0.77 meter) reflecting telescope (located at Anderson Mesa)
LONEOS Schmidt Telescope: 25" (0.62 meter) catadioptric (located at Anderson Mesa)
24" Clark Telescope: 24" (0.6 meter) Alvan Clark refractor
Unnamed telescope: 21" (0.52 meter) reflecting telescope
Unnamed telesope: 18" (0.45 meter) astrograph
John Vickers McAllister Telescope: 16" (0.4 meter) Boller & Chivens cassegrain telescope
Abbot L. Lowell Astrograph (Pluto Discovery Telescope): 13" (0.33 meter) astrograph
Planet Search Survey Telescope: (located at Anderson Mesa)
Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer: interferometer (located at Anderson Mesa, operated in partnership with the USNO)

Lowell Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Flagstaff, Arizona. Lowell Observatory is among the oldest observatories in the United States, and is a registered National Historic Landmark. The Observatory's original 24-inch Alvan Clark Telescope is still in use today for public education. Lowell Observatory hosts 70,000 visitors per year who take guided daytime tours and view various wonders of the night sky through the Clark Telescope and other telescopes. It was founded in 1894 by astronomer Percival Lowell, and run for a time by his third cousin Guy Lowell of Boston's well-known Lowell family. The current trustee of Lowell Observatory is William Lowell Putnam, grandnephew of founder Percival Lowell.

The Slipher Rotunda Museum at Lowell Observatory
The Slipher Rotunda Museum at Lowell Observatory

The observatory operates several telescopes at two locations in Flagstaff. The main facility, located on Mars Hill just west of downtown Flagstaff, houses the original 24-inch (0.61-meter) Clark Refracting Telescope, although its role today is as a public education tool and not research. The telescope, built in 1896 for $20,000, was assembled in Boston by Alvan Clark and then shipped by train to Flagstaff. Also located on the Mars Hill campus is the 13-inch (0.33-meter) Pluto Discovery Telescope, used by Clyde Tombaugh in 1930 to discover the dwarf planet Pluto.

Lowell Observatory currently operates four research telescopes at its Anderson Mesa dark sky site, located 12 miles southeast of Flagstaff, including the 72-inch (1.8-meter) Perkins Telescope (in partnership with Boston University) and the 42-inch (1.1-meter) John S. Hall Telescope. Lowell is a partner with the United States Naval Observatory and NRL in the Navy Prototype Optical Interferometer (NPOI) also located at that site. The Observatory also operates smaller research telescopes at its historic site on Mars Hill and in Australia and Chile. Lowell Observatory is currently building the 4.2-meter Discovery Channel Telescope in partnership with Discovery Communications, Inc.

Contents

[edit] Discovery Channel Telescope

Lowell Observatory is building a major new telescope in partnership with Discovery Communications near Happy Jack in northern Arizona. The telescope, located within the Mogollon Rim Ranger District of the Coconino National Forest, is expected to be the fifth largest in the continental United States and will allow Lowell astronomers to enter new research areas and conduct existing programs more effectively and efficiently. The DCT and the research it enables also will be the focus of ongoing informative and educational television programs about astronomy, science, and technology airing on Discovery networks. In addition, the Discovery Channel Telescope at Lowell Observatory is expected to have a significant educational and economic impact within the state.

[edit] Current research

Lowell Observatory's astronomers conduct research on a wide range of solar system and astrophysical topics using ground-based, airborne, and space-based telescopes. Among the many current programs are a search for near-Earth asteroids, a survey of the Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune, a search for extrasolar planets, a decades-long study of the brightness stability of the sun, and a variety of investigations of star formation and other processes in distant galaxies. In addition, the Observatory staff designs and builds custom instrumentation for use on Lowell's telescopes and eleswhere. For example, Lowell staff built a sophisticated high-speed camera for use on the Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy (SOFIA). SOFIA is a joint project of the United States and German space agencies and consists of a 2.5-meter telescope on board a Boeing 747 SP.

[edit] Notable discoveries

The 13" Pluto Discovery Telescope an Astrograph used to discover the dwarf planet Pluto
The 13" Pluto Discovery Telescope an Astrograph used to discover the dwarf planet Pluto

[edit] External links

[edit] References

  • Strauss D. (1994). "Lowell,Percival, Pickering, W.H. and the founding of the Lowell Observatory". Annals of Science 51 (1): 37-58. DOI:10.1080/00033799400200121. 

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