نقاش:سفر التثنية

ENCYCLOPEDIA BIBLCA A DICTIONARY OF THE BIBLE BY THE REV. T. K, CHEYNE PRINTED BY THE MACMILLAN COMPANY 1903 فقرة DEUTERONOMY ويقول المصدر:

. Book found in Temple.

It was observed by more than one of the [EARLY CHRISTIAN] fathers that Deuteronomy is the book the finding of which in the temple gave the impulse to the reform of the eighteenth year of Josiah (622-621 B.C.).

The two parallel texts of the decalogue, one in Ex. 20 the other in Dt. 5, present striking points of difference. In Exodus the sabbath is to be kept, because Yahwe made all things in six days and rested the seventh ; in Deuteronomy, because the slave as well as his master needs rest. Here, too, as in the command to honour parents, there are amplifications of language peculiar to the recension in Deuteronomy. In Exodus the Israelite-is forbidden to covet his neighbour‘s house, and then wife, slave, and cattle are specified as possessions included within the Hebrew idea of house or household. In Deuteronomy the commandment is adapted to a later and more humane view. First, the Israelite is not to ‘covet’ his neighbour’s wife. Next, he is not to ‘ desire ’ his neighbour’s house, land, slaves, etc. How comes it that the parallel texts vary so seriously? The answer now generally given is that originally the decalogue was composed of concise precepts, which were expanded in different ways by later editors. The decalogue was incorporated in his work by the Elohist ; it was repeated by the Deuteronomist and lastly by the Priestly Writer. No wonder then that, in the final redaction of the Pentateuch, each text of the decalogue offers clear marks of the Deuteronomical style, whilst in Ex. 208-11 the Deuteronomic motive of humanity has been supplanted by the example of Gods rest after the week of creation-evidence of a super-redaction in the “spirit of P (cp Ex. 31 176 Gen. 226). Commandments 6-9 preserve their primitive form.