Đông Tác (Tuy Hoa) Airport
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| Đông Tác (Tuy Hoa) Airport | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| IATA: TBB - ICAO: VVTH | |||
| Summary | |||
| Airport type | Public | ||
| Operator | Middle Airport Authority | ||
| Serves | Tuy Hoa | ||
| Elevation AMSL | 20 ft (6 m) | ||
| Coordinates | |||
| Runways | |||
| Direction | Length | Surface | |
| ft | m | ||
| 03L/21R | 9,520 | 2,902 | Concrete |
| 02/20 | 2,720 | 844 | Asphalt |
| 03R/21L Closed |
|||
Đông Tác (Tuy Hoa) Airport (IATA: TBB, ICAO: VVTH) is located just south of Tuy Hoa within Phu Yen Province along the central coast of Southern Vietnam.
During the Vietnam War the facility was known as Tuy Hoa Air Base and was one of several air bases in the former South Vietnam that was built by USAF Civil Engineering "Red Horse" squadrons in 1966.
Contents |
[edit] Airlines and Destinations
- Vietnam Air Service Company (Ho Chi Minh City)
[edit] History
Tuy Hoa Air Base was one of several air bases developed in the former South Vietnam that was built by USAF Civil Engineering "Red Horse" squadrons in 1966. An advance construction party of the 820th Civil Engineering arrived in June and within six months, with the completion of interim airfield facilities, the base was in operation.
This unit completed nearly 50 percent of all construction completed at Tuy Hoa, including: 170 aircraft protective revetments, 120,000 square feet of wooden buildings, and 175,000 square yards of AM-2 matting. In addition, the 820th operated a rock crusher 9.5 miles from the base and hauled aggregate through enemy-held territory to the base.
[edit] USAF Use of Tuy Hoa Air Base
With its opening in 1966, Tuy Hoa became a major operational base. Although originally envisioned as a Strategic Air Command B-52 base, the USAF stationed tactical air units there under the command of the United States Pacific Air Forces (PACAF) Seventh Air Force.
Given the security concerns of basing SAC's bombers directly in South Vietnam, the B-52s were assigned to U-Tapao Air Base in neighboring Thailand instead.
The APO for Tuy Hoa Air Base was APO San Francisco 96495
[edit] 31st Tactical Fighter Wing
The 31st Tactical Fighter Wing was the host unit at Tuy Hoa. It was transferred from Homestead Air Force Base Florida. Its attached squadrons were:
- 306 Tactical Fighter 15 Nov 1966 - 8 Sep 1970 (F-100D/F Tail Code: SD)
- 308 Tactical Fighter 6 Dec 1966 - 8 Sep 1970 (F-100D/F Tail Code: SM)
- 309 Tactical Fighter 6 Dec 1966 - 8 Sep 1970 (F-100D/F Tail Code: SS)
The first squadron of F-100s (the 308th) actually touched down on 15 November 1966, forty-five days ahead of schedule. Within a month, it was joined by two others (the 306th and 309th); and on 6 December the 31st Tactical Fighter Wing becaame operational at Tuy Hoa.
In June 1969, federalized Air National Guard squadrons were deployed from the United States to supplement the 31st TFW. These were:
- 138 Tactical Fighter: 14 Jun 1968 - 25 May 1969 (New York ANG) (F-100C Tail Code: SG)
- 188 Tactical Fighter: 7 Jun 1968 - 18 May 1969 (New Mexico ANG) (F-100C/F Tail Code: SK)
In turn, when the National Guard units returned to the United States after their one-year active duty was ended, F-100 squadrons from the 37th TFW at Phu Cat Air Base, which was converting to F-4Ds were deployed as replacement units. These were:
- 355 Tactical Fighter: 15 May 1969 - 30 Sep 1970 (F-100D/F Tail Code: SP)
- 416 Tactical Fighter: 28 May 1969 - 5 Sep 1970 (F-100D/F Tail Code: SE)
Having five F-100 squadrons, the 31st TFW was the most important F-100 wing in South Vietnam. During its time at Tuy Hoa, the 31st conducted combat interdiction strikes, conducted visual and photo reconnaissance, rescue combat air patrols, and suppressed enemy antiaircraft artillery. During the 1968 Tet Offensive, aircraft from the 31st conducted air operations against enemy forces and during the Siege of Khe Sanh, Feb–Apr 1968. Other missions flown from Tuy Hoa consisted of close air support missions during the extraction of friendly troops from Kham Duc on 12 May 1968.
In May 1968, the 31st gained a forward air control mission as well as continued other combat operations.
The 31st TFW was deactivated in Southeat Asia on 15 October 1970 as part of the general US withdrawal from South Vietnam. On 16 October it was reactivated without personnel or equipment at Homestead Air Force Base, Florida
With the American withdrawal from Tuy Hoa, the 308th TFS was deactivated in place on 5 October 1970.
The 306th and 309th TFS were deactivated, then reassigned without personnel or equipment on 8 September 1970 and initially assigned to the 4403d TFW at England AFB Louisiana. The 306th and 309th TFS were returned to the 31st TFW at Homestead AFB, Florida on 30 October 1970.
The 355th TFS was deactivated in place and reassigned to 354th TFW at Myrtle Beach on 1 November 1970, and the 416th TFS was deactivated in place and reassigned to 4403d TFW at England AFB on 28 September 1970.
[edit] SVNAF Use of Tuy Hoa Air Base
After the American withdrawal, Tuy Hoa was used for flyable storage of South Vietnamese Air Force propeller-driven aircraft (A-1, T-28) and helicopters. After the 1973 Paris Peace Accords, United States Congressional cuts in military aid to South Vietnam forced the SVNAF to abandon use of the base with no permanent personnel or active aircraft assigned. By 1975, the base showed lack of signs of maintenance and being abandoned, with little or no activities taking place on the facility.
[edit] Capture Of Tuy Hoa Air Base
In early 1975 North Vietnam realized the time was right to achieve its goal of re-uniting Vietnam under communist rule, launched a series of small ground attacks to test U.S. reaction.
On 8 January the North Vietnamese Politburo ordered a major People's Army of Vietnam (PAVN) offensive to "liberate" South Vietnam by NVA cross-border invasion. The NVA general staff plan for the invasion of South Vietnam called for 20 divisions, because, by 1975, the Soviet-supplied North Vietnamese Army was the fifth largest in the world. It anticipated a two year struggle for victory.
By 14 March, South Vietnamese President Nguyen Van Thieu decided to abandon the Central Highlands region and two northern provinces of South Vietnam and ordered a general withdrawal of ARVN forces from those areas. Instead of an orderly withdrawal, it turned into a general retreat, with masses of military and civilians fleeing, clogging roads and creating chaos.
The first convoys left Pleiku on 16 March and continued to depart unhindered for three days. But no provisions had been made for the civilian populace, and the military convoys were pursued by a panic-stricken civilian mob in vehicles and on foot. Surprised at first, the PAVN reacted quickly and by 18 March portions of the evacuation route were under artillery fire. Worse, necessary bridging material was delayed. and a mass of vehicles and humanity backed up at each river crossing in turn.
Panic mounted and observers overhead watched in horror as survivors plodded south suffering terrible heat and thirst. Communist forces finally cut the road just short of Tuy Hoa on 22 March. Desperate attacks by ARVN Rangers eventually reopened the way, and, during the evening of 27 March, the first vehicles began to roll into Tuy Hoa.
Of those who started the trek, only a minority completed it. They included some 60,000 civilian refugees, perhaps a third of the total who started, and some 20,000 support troops, only a quarter of those who departed Pleiku. Of the elite Rangers who covered the withdrawal, only 900 out of 7,000 survived. During the ordeal, graphic footage of the "Convoy of Tears," as it was called, was screened on South Vietnamese television, and panic spread to the entire nation.
Meanwhile, as the ARVN scrambled to salvage something from defeat the situation in northern South Vietnam fell apart. By 19 March, Quang Tri Province had fallen to the communists. Successive attempts to evacuate the ARVN forces of the strategic reserve southward were inadequate and poorly planned and served only to amplify the chaos. Hue fell on 25 March and Da Nang on 30 March. The result was the loss not only of northern South Vietnam, but also of the elite units of the strategic reserve, the 1st Division and the Marine and Airborne Divisions.
On 1 April, South Vietnamese forces abandoned Tuy Hoa.
[edit] See also
- List of airports in Vietnam
- United States Air Force In South Vietnam
- United States Pacific Air Forces
[edit] References
- Martin, Patrick, Tail Code: The Complete History Of USAF Tactical Aircraft Tail Code Markings, 1994
- Mesko, Jim, VNAF: South Vietnamese Air Force, 1945-1975, 1978
- Ravenstein, Charles A., Air Force Combat Wings: Linege and Honors Histories 1947-1977. Office of Air Force History, United States Air Force, 1984
- Endicott, Judy G., USAF Active Flying, Space, and Missile Squadrons as of 1 October 1995. Office of Air Force History
- USAF Historical Reserach Division/Organizational History Branch - 31st Fighter Wing
