From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
August 22 is the 234th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (235th in leap years), with 131 days remaining.
[edit] Events
- 565 - St. Columba reports seeing a monster in Loch Ness, Scotland.
- 1485 - The Battle of Bosworth Field decisively ends the Wars of the Roses.
- 1559 - Bartholome de Carranza, Spanish archbishop, is arrested for heresy.
- 1639 - Madras (now Chennai), India, is founded by the British East India Company after buying a sliver of land from local Nayak rulers.
- 1642 - Charles I calls the English Parliament traitors. Beginning of the English Civil War.
- 1654 - Jacob Barsimson arrives in New Amsterdam. He is the first Jewish immigrant to what is later the United States.
- 1717 - Spanish troops land on Sardinia.
- 1770 - James Cook's expedition lands on the east coast of Australia.
- 1775 - King George III declares the American colonies to be in open rebellion.
- 1780 - James Cook's ship HMS Resolution returns to England (Cook having been killed on Hawaii during the voyage).
- 1791 - Beginning of the Haitian Slave Revolution in Saint-Domingue.
- 1798 - French troops land in Kilcummin, County Mayo, Ireland to aid Wolfe Tone's United Irishmen's Irish Rebellion.
- 1831 - Nat Turner's slave rebellion revolt commences just after midnight in Southampton, Virginia, leading to the deaths of more than 50 whites and several hundred African Americans who were killed in retaliation for the uprising.
- 1848 - The United States annexes New Mexico.
- 1851 - The first America's Cup is won by the yacht America.
- 1875 - The Treaty of Saint Petersburg between Japan and Russia is ratified, providing for the exchange of Sakhalin for the Kuril Islands.
- 1864 - Twelve nations sign the First Geneva Convention. The Red Cross is formed.
- 1901 - Cadillac Motor Company founded.
- 1902 - Theodore Roosevelt became the first President of the United States to ride in an automobile.
- 1910 - Japan illicitly annexes Korea with the signing of the Japan-Korea Annexation Treaty. The name Korea was abolished and replaced with the ancient name Joseon.
- 1911 - Theft of the Mona Lisa is discovered.
- 1914 - World War I: In Belgium, British and German troops clash for the first time in the war.
- 1922 - Michael Collins, Commander-in-Chief of the Irish Free State Army is shot dead during an Anti-Treaty ambush at Beal na mBlath, County Cork, during the Irish Civil War.
- 1926 - Gold discovered in Johannesburg, South Africa.
- 1941 - World War II: German troops reach Leningrad, leading to the siege of Leningrad.
- 1942 - World War II: Brazil declares war on the Axis powers (Germany, Italy and Japan).
- 1944 - World War II: Last transport of French Jews to concentration camps in Germany.
- 1944 - World War II: Thirty-two Spaniards & four French Maquis tackle a German column (1,300 men in 60 lorries, with 6 tanks & 2 self-propelled guns), at La Madeiline, France. Three Maquis are wounded, with 110 Germans killed and 200 wounded.
- 1944 - World War II: Romania captured by the Soviet Union.
- 1950 - Althea Gibson becomes the first black competitor in international tennis.
- 1952 - The penal colony on Devil's Island is permanently closed.
- 1962 - An attempt to assassinate French president Charles de Gaulle fails.
- 1962 - The NS Savannah, the world's first nuclear-powered cargo ship, completes its maiden voyage.
- 1963 - Joe Walker in X-15 test plane reaches altitude of 106 km (67 miles).
- 1964 - Match Of The Day hits the air on BBC Two.
- 1966 - Labor movements NFWA and AWOC merge to become the United Farm Workers Organizing Committee (UFWOC), predecessor of the United Farm Workers.
- 1968 - Pope Paul VI arrives in Bogotá, Colombia. It is the first visit of a pope to Latin America.
- 1972 - Rhodesia is expelled by the IOC for its racist policies.
- 1973 - U.S. President Richard Nixon names Henry Kissinger as Secretary of State.
- 1978 - The Frente Sandinista de Liberacion or FSLN occupies national palace in Nicaragua.
- 1988 - The Perth Mint issues the first platinum coin, the koala.
- 1989 - The first ring of Neptune is discovered.
- 1989 - Nolan Ryan strikes out Rickey Henderson to become the first Major League Baseball pitcher to record 5,000 strikeouts.
- 1992 - FBI HRT sniper Lon Horiuchi shoots and kills Vicki Weaver during an 11-day siege at her home at Ruby Ridge, Idaho.
- 2004 - A version of The Scream and Madonna, two paintings by Edvard Munch, are stolen at gunpoint from a museum in Oslo, Norway.
- 2006 - Pulkovo Airlines Flight 612 crashes, killing 170 people.
[edit] Births
- 1601 - Georges de Scudéry, French writer (d. 1667)
- 1624 - Jean Renaud de Segrais, French writer (d. 1701)
- 1647 - Denis Papin, French physicist and inventor (d. c. 1712)
- 1679 - Pierre Guérin de Tencin, French cardinal (d. 1758)
- 1760 - Pope Leo XII (d. 1829)
- 1764 - Charles Percier, French architect (d. 1838)
- 1771 - Henry Maudslay, English inventor (d. 1831)
- 1779 - James Kirke Paulding, American author (d. 1860)
- 1800 - William S. Harney, U.S. general (d. 1889)
- 1800 - Samuel David Luzzatto, Italian-Jewish scholar (d. 1865)
- 1811 - William Kelly, American inventor (d. 1888)
- 1834 - Samuel Pierpont Langley, American astronomer (d. 1906)
- 1836 - Archibald MacNeal Willard, American artist (d. 1918)
- 1848 - Melville E. Stone, American newspaper publisher (d. 1929)
- 1854 - Milan I, King of Serbia (d. 1901)
- 1860 - Paul Gottlieb Nipkow, German inventor (d. 1940)
- 1862 - Claude Debussy, French composer (d. 1918)
- 1867 - Maximilian Bircher-Benner, Swiss physician and nutritionist (d. 1939)
- 1873 - Alexander Bogdanov, Russian physician and philosopher (d. 1928)
- 1874 - Max Scheler, German philosopher (d. 1928)
- 1880 - George Herriman, American cartoonist (d. 1944)
- 1887 - Lutz Graf Schwerin von Krosigk, German minister of finance (d. 1977)
- 1891 - Jacques Lipchitz, Lithuanian-born American sculptor (d. 1973)
- 1893 - Dorothy Parker, American writer (d. 1967)
- 1893 - Wilfred Kitching, British Salvation Army general (d. 1977)
- 1900 - Sergei Ozhegov, Russian lexicographer (d. 1964)
- 1902 - Leni Riefenstahl, German film director (d. 2003)
- 1902 - Thomas Pelly, American politician (d. 1973)
- 1904 - Deng Xiaoping, Premier of the People's Republic of China (d. 1997)
- 1908 - Henri Cartier-Bresson, French photographer (d. 2004)
- 1909 - Julius J. Epstein, American screenwriter (d. 2000)
- 1909 - Mel Hein, American football player (d. 1992)
- 1909 - Lucille Ricksen, American actress (d. 1925)
- 1913 - Bruno Pontecorvo, Italian physicist (d. 1993)
- 1915 - Hugh Paddick, British actor (d. 2000)
- 1915 - Edward Szczepanik, former Polish Prime Minister (d. 2005)
- 1917 - John Lee Hooker, American guitarist and singer (d. 2001)
- 1918 - Mary McGrory, American journalist (d. 2004)
- 1920 - Ray Bradbury, American writer
- 1920 - Denton Cooley, American heart surgeon
- 1922 - Micheline Presle, French actress
- 1928 - Karlheinz Stockhausen, German composer
- 1930 - Gilmar, Brazilian football player
- 1932 - Gerald P. Carr, American astronaut
- 1934 - Norman Schwarzkopf, U.S. general
- 1935 - E. Annie Proulx, American author
- 1936 - Dale Hawkins, American singer and songwriter
- 1938 - Paul Maguire, American football commentator
- 1939 - George Reinholt, American actor
- 1939 - Carl Yastrzemski, baseball player
- 1940 - Valerie Harper, American actress
- 1940 - Bill McCartney, former college football coach
- 1941 - Bill Parcells, American football coach
- 1945 - Ron Dante, American songwriter and record producer (The Archies)
- 1945 - Erol Gelenbe, Turkish computer scientist, electrical engineer and applied mathematician
- 1947 - Cindy Williams, American actress
- 1947 - Donna Godchaux, singer (Grateful Dead)
- 1949 - Diana Nyad, American swimmer, wold record holder
- 1949 - Doug Bair, baseball player
- 1949 - Alfred Musema, Rwandan genocidaire
- 1950 - Ray Burris, baseball player
- 1953 - Paul Ellering, American wrestling manager
- 1955 - Will Shetterly, writer
- 1955 - Chiranjeevi, Telugu film actor
- 1956 - Paul Molitor, baseball player
- 1957 - Steve Davis, English snooker player
- 1958 - Colm Feore, American-born actor
- 1958 - Lane Huffman, American professional wrestler
- 1958 - Vernon Reid, American musician (Living Colour)
- 1959 - Juan Croucier, American musician
- 1959 - Pia Gjellerup, Danish politician
- 1961 - Roland Orzabal, British musician (Tears for Fears)
- 1961 - Debbi Peterson, American singer (The Bangles).
- 1963 - Tori Amos, American singer/songwriter
- 1963 - Terry Catledge, American basketball player
- 1964 - Mats Wilander, Swedish tennis player
- 1965 - Tom Gibis, American voice actor
- 1966 - GZA, American rapper
- 1966 - Eric Andolsek, American football player (d. 1992)
- 1967 - Layne Staley, American musician (Alice in Chains) (d. 2002)
- 1967 - Adewale Akinnuoye-Agbaje, British actor
- 1967 - Yukiko Okada, Japanese singer (d. 1986)
- 1967 - Alfred Gough, American screenwriter
- 1968 - Paul Colman, Australian guitarist (Newsboys)
- 1968 - Alexander Mostovoi, Russian footballer
- 1968 - Horst Skoff, Austrian tennis player
- 1970 - Charlie Connelly, English writer
- 1970 - Giada De Laurentiis, chef and television host
- 1971 - Richard Armitage, English actor
- 1972 - Steve Kline, baseball player
- 1972 - Okkert Brits, South African pole vaulter
- 1972 - Max Wilson, Brazilian racing driver
- 1973 - Howie Dorough, American singer (Backstreet Boys)
- 1975 - Clint Bolton, Australian footballer
- 1975 - Sheree Murphy, British actress
- 1975 - Rodrigo Santoro, Brazilian actor
- 1977 - Heiðar Helguson, Icelandic footballer
- 1977 - Keren Cytter, artist, filmmaker, and writer
- 1978 - Jeff Stinco, Canadian musician (Simple Plan)
- 1980 - Christi Shake, American model and actress
- 1981 - Alex Holmes, American football player
- 1982 - Themistoklis Diakidis, Greek high jumper
- 1983 - Theo Bos, Dutch cyclist
- 1983 - Laura Breckenridge, American actress
[edit] Deaths
- 408 - Stilicho, Roman general (b. 359)
- 1155 - Konoe, Emperor of Japan (b. 1139)
- 1188 - Ferdinand II, King of Leon (b. 1137)
- 1241 - Gregory IX, Italian religious leader, 178th Pope (b. c. 1143)
- 1280 - Nicholas III, Italian religious leader, 188th Pope (b. c. 1216)
- 1304 - John II, Count of Hainaut (b. 1247)
- 1350 - Philip VI, King of France (b. 1293)
- 1485 - Richard III, King of England (b. 1452)
- 1553 - John Dudley, English admiral and politician (b. 1501)
- 1572 - Thomas Percy, Earl of Northumberland (b. 1528)
- 1584 - Jan Kochanowski, Polish writer (b. 1530)
- 1599 - Beatrice Cenci, Italian noblewoman (b. 1577)
- 1599 - Luca Marenzio, Italian composer (b. c. 1553)
- 1607 - Bartholomew Gosnold, English explorer and privateer (b. 1572)
- 1609 - Maharal of Prague, Jewish mystic and philosopher (b. 1525)
- 1652 - Jacob De la Gardie, Swedish soldier and statesman (b. 1583)
- 1680 - John George II, Elector of Saxony (b. 1613)
- 1701 - John Granville, 1st Earl of Bath, English royalist statesman (b. 1628)
- 1711 - Louis François, duc de Boufflers, French marshal (b. 1644)
- 1752 - William Whiston, English mathematician (b. 1667)
- 1773 - George Lyttelton, English writer and politician (b. 1709)
- 1793 - Louis, 4th duc de Noailles, Marshal of France (b. 1713)
- 1797 - Dagobert Sigmund von Wurmser, Alsatian-born Austrian general (b. 1724)
- 1806 - Jean-Honoré Fragonard, French artist (b. 1732)
- 1818 - Warren Hastings, British Governor-General of India (b. 1732)
- 1828 - Franz Joseph Gall, Austrian neuroscientist (b. 1758)
- 1850 - Nikolaus Lenau, Austrian poet (b. 1802)
- 1861 - Xianfeng, Emperor of China (b. 1831)
- 1891 - Jan Neruda, Czech author (b. 1834)
- 1903 - Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (b. 1830)
- 1915 - Giacomo Radini-Tedeschi bishop of Bergamo
- 1918 - Korbinian Brodmann, German neurologist (b. 1868)
- 1922 - Michael Collins, Irish revolutionary (b. 1890)
- 1926 - Charles W. Eliot, American President of Harvard University (b. 1834)
- 1940 - Sir Oliver Joseph Lodge, English physicist, spiritualist, pioneer in wireless telegraphy (b. 1851)
- 1942 - Michel Fokine, Russian choreographer and dancer (b. 1880)
- 1950 - Kirk Bryan, American geologist (b. 1888)
- 1953 - Jim Tabor, baseball player (b. 1916)
- 1958 - Roger Martin du Gard, French writer, Nobel Prize laureate (b. 1881)
- 1965 - Ellen Church, First American airline stewardess (b. 1904)
- 1967 - Gregory Goodwin Pincus, American endocrinologist (b. 1903)
- 1974 - Jacob Bronowski, Polish-English mathematician & TV presenter (b. 1908)
- 1976 - Juscelino Kubitschek de Oliveira, President of Brazil (b. 1902)
- 1976 - Gina Bachauer, Greek pianist (b. 1913)
- 1977 - Sebastian Cabot, English-born actor (b. 1918)
- 1978 - Jomo Kenyatta, first Prime Minister of Kenya (b. c. 1892)
- 1979 - James T. Farrell, American novelist (b. 1904)
- 1980 - James Smith McDonnell, American aircraft manufacturer (b. 1899)
- 1989 - Huey P. Newton, American activist (b. 1942)
- 1991 - Colleen Dewhurst, Canadian actress (b. 1924)
- 2003 - Arnold Gerschwiler, Swiss-born figure skating trainer (b. 1914)
- 2003 - Generosa Ammon, widow of Ted Ammon (b. 1956)
- 2003 - Imperio Argentina, Argentinian singer and actress (b. 1906)
- 2004 - Konstantin Aseev, Russian chess player (b. 1960)
- 2005 - Luc Ferrari, French composer (b. 1929)
- 2006 - Bruce Gary, American rock drummer, producer (The Knack) (b. 1951)
[edit] Holidays and observances
[edit] External links
