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Bushranger

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Bushrangers were outlaws who used the Australian "bush" as a refuge to hide from the authorities between committing their robberies, roughly analogous to the British-American "highwayman". Their targets often included small-town banks or coach services.

The first bushrangers were escaped convicts fleeing from the early Australian penal colonies. Fleeing convicts would find they had almost no idea how to support themselves in the harsh Australian wilderness. As a result, most turned to stealing supplies from remote settlements and travellers and on-selling stolen goods to other free settlers.

Their heyday was the Gold Rush years of the 1850s and 1860s, but the increasing push of settlement and improvements in transport (railways) and communications technology (telegraphy) made it increasingly difficult for bushrangers to evade capture.

In Australia, bushrangers often attracted public sympathy. In Australian history and iconography bushrangers are held in some esteem in some quarters due to the harshness and anti-Catholicism of the colonial authorities whom they embarrassed, and the romanticism of the lawlessness they represented. Some bushrangers, most notably Ned Kelly in his Jerilderie letter, and in his final raid on Glenrowan, explicitly represented themselves as political rebels. Attitudes to Kelly, by far the most well-known bushranger, exemplify the ambiguous views of Australians regarding bushranging.

[edit] Notable bushrangers

Name Lived Area of activity Fate
Mary Ann Bugg 1834–1867 Hunter Valley-Tamworth-New England Pneumonia
Joe Byrne, one of the Kelly Gang 1857 - 1880 North East Victoria Shot by police
Martin Cash c. 1808–1877 Tasmania Prison sentence, released after 13 years
John Caesar 1764–1796 Sydney area Shot
John Donohue, known as Bold Jack Donohue c. 1806–1830 Sydney area Shot by police
John Dunn 1846–1866 Western New South Wales Hanged
John Francis c. 1825–? Victoria Gold Fields (1853) Released after giving Queen's Evidence
John Fuller, known as Dan Mad Dog Morgan c. 1830–1865 New South Wales Shot
Frank Gardiner c. 1829–c. 1904 Western New South Wales Prison sentence, then moved to California
John Gilbert 1842–1865 Western New South Wales Shot by police
Ben Hall 1837–1865 Western New South Wales Shot by police
Steve Hart, one of the Kelly Gang North East Victoria Shot by police
Joseph Bolitho Johns, known as Moondyne Joe c. 1828–1900 Western Australia Numerous Prison sentences and died a free man
Henry Johnson, known as Harry Power 1819–1891 North East Victoria Prison sentence, released
Dan Kelly, brother of Ned c. 1854-1880 North East Victoria Shot by police
Ned Kelly c. 1854–1880 North East Victoria Hanged
James Alpin McPherson, known as The Wild Scotchman 1842-1895 Gin Gin, Queensland Died a free man
George Melville 1841–1912 Hanged
Musquito c. 1780–1825 Tasmania Hanged
Johnny O'Meally 1843–1864 Western New South Wales Shot by farmer
John Paid, known as Wolloo Jack from Stanwell Park terrorised Sydney area in the 1820s
Frank Pearson, known as Captain Starlight 1837-1899 New South wales Accidental(?) poisoning (while working as a WA public servant)
Sam Poo ?–1865 Coonabarabran, New South Wales Hanged
Billy Roberts (probably), known as Jack the Rammer South Eastern New South Wales (1834)
Codrington Revingstone South-West Victoria (1850)
Andrew George Scott, known as Captain Moonlite 1842-1880 near Gundagai, New South Wales Hanged
Owen Suffolk 1829 - ? Victoria Died in prison?
Frederick Ward, known as Captain Thunderbolt 1833–1870 Hunter Valley-Tamworth-New England (1864–1870) Shot by police
William Westwood, known as Jackey Jackey 1820–1846 Hanged


Crime in Australia
Regional crime: Timeline | Melbourne | Northern Territory | Western Australia | Sydney
Australian law: Courts | Criminal law | Law enforcement
Australian people: Bushrangers | Convicts | Criminals | Murderers | Prisoners
Australian prisons: ACT | NSW | NT | QLD | SA | TAS | VIC | WA
International: Crime by country

[edit] External links

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