Elections in Mexico
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The United Mexican States elects, on the national level, a head of state – the president – and a legislature.
The President of Mexico is elected for a six-year term by the people. The candidate who wins the most votes is elected president even if he or she does not have an absolute majority.
The Congress of the Union (Congreso de la Unión) has two chambers. The Chamber of Deputies (Cámara de Diputados) has 500 members, elected for a three year term, 300 of whom are elected in single-seat constituencies by plurality, with the remaining 200 members elected by proportional representation in 5 multi-state, 40-seat constituencies. The 200 PR-seats are distributed generally without taking account the 300 plurality-seats (Parallel voting), but since 1996 a party cannot get more seats overall than 8 % above its result for the PR-seats (a party must win 42% of the votes for the PR-seats to achieve an overall majority). There are two exceptions on this rule: first, a party can only lose PR-seats due to this rule (and no plurality-seats); second, a party can never get more than 300 seats overall (even if it has more than 52% of the votes for the PR-seats).
The Chamber of Senators (Cámara de Senadores) has 128 members, elected for a six-year term, 96 of them in three-seat constituencies (corresponding to the nation's 31 states and one Federal District) and 32 by proportional representation on a nationwide basis. In the state constituencies, two seats are awarded to the plurality winner and one to the first runner-up.
At the local level, each of Mexico's 31 constituent states elects a governor to serve a six-year term; they also elect legislative deputies who sit in state congresses, and municipal presidents (presidentes municipales, or mayors). The Federal District (Mexico City) elects a Head of Government in lieu of a mayor, district assemblymen in lieu of state congressional deputies, and borough heads in lieu of municipal presidents.
Mexico has a multi-party system, with three dominant political parties, and a number of smaller ones. Alliances and coalitions are common; normally, they are local (state) affairs and involve one of the big three and any number of minor parties; on extraordinary occasions, two of the big three will ally themselves against the third (see, for example, 2003 Colima state election or 2004 Chihuahua state election).
Contents |
[edit] Elections
[edit] Federal elections
- 2006 Mexican presidential and congressional election
- 2003 Mexican congressional election
- 2000 Mexican presidential and congressional election
- 1997 Mexican congressional election
- 1994 Mexican presidential and congressional election
- 1991 Mexican congressional election
- 1988 Mexican presidential and congressional election
[edit] State elections
- 2006 Mexican local elections
- 2005 Mexican local elections
- 2004 Mexican local elections
- 2003 Mexican local elections
[edit] Latest federal results
| Candidates | Party | Votes | % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Felipe Calderón | National Action Party | 15,000,284 | 35.89% | ||
| Andrés Manuel López Obrador | Coalition for the Good of All (PRD, PT, CV) | 14,756,350 | 35.31% | ||
| Roberto Madrazo | Alliance for Mexico (PRI, PVEM) | 9,301,441 | 22.26% | ||
| Patricia Mercado | Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party | 1,128,850 | 2.70% | ||
| Roberto Campa Cifrián | New Alliance | 401,804 | 0.96% | ||
| Write in | 297,989 | 0.71% | |||
| Blank/Invalid | 904,604 | 2.16% | |||
| Total | 41,791,322 | 100.0% | |||
| Source: Instituto Federal Electoral [1] | |||||
| Parties and/or coalitions | Votes | % | FPP | PR | Total seats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Action Party | 13,845,121 | 33.41 | 137 | 69 | 206 | ||
| Coalition for the Good of All | PRD | 12,013,364 | 28.99 | 91 | 36 | 127 | |
| CV | 5 | 12 | 17 | ||||
| PT | 2 | 10 | 12 | ||||
| No party | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||||
| Alliance for Mexico | PRI | 11,676,585 | 28.18 | 65 | 41 | 106 | |
| PVEM | 0 | 17 | 17 | ||||
| New Alliance Party | 1,883,476 | 4.55 | 0 | 9 | 9 | ||
| Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party | 850,989 | 2.05 | 0 | 4 | 4 | ||
| Total | 41,435,934 | 100.00 | 300 | 200 | 500 | ||
| Source: Chamber of Deputies | |||||||
| Parties and/or coalitions | Votes | % | FPP | FM | PR | Total seats | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| National Action Party | 14,035,503 | 33.63 | 32 | 9 | 11 | 52 | ||
| Coalition for the Good of All | PRD | 12,397,008 | 29.70 | 22 | 4 | 5 | 31 | |
| PT | 0 | 0 | 3 | 3 | ||||
| CV | 0 | 0 | 2 | 2 | ||||
| Alliance for Mexico | PRI | 11,681,395 | 27.99 | 10 | 19 | 6 | 35 | |
| PVEM | 0 | 0 | 4 | 4 | ||||
| New Alliance | 1,688,198 | 4.04 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 1 | ||
| Social Democratic and Peasant Alternative Party | 795,730 | 1.91 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||
| Total | 41,739,188 | 100.00 | 64 | 32 | 32 | 128 | ||
| Source: Senate | ||||||||
[edit] Previous federal results
| Candidates - Parties | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vicente Fox Quesada - Alliance for Change (National Action Party / Ecologist Green Party of Mexico) | 15,989,636 | 42.52 | |
| Francisco Labastida Ochoa - Institutional Revolutionary Party | 13,579,718 | 36.11 | |
| Cuauhtémoc Cárdenas Solórzano - Alliance for Mexico (Party of the Democratic Revolution) | 6,256,780 | 16.64 | |
| Gilberto Rincón Gallardo - Social Democracy | 592,381 | 1.58 | |
| Manuel Camacho Solís - Party of the Democratic Center | 206,589 | 0.55 | |
| Porfirio Muñoz Ledo - Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution | 156,896 | 0.42 | |
| Total (turnout 64 %) | 36,601,618 | 100.00 | |
| Source: Instituto Federal Electoral | |||
| Parties | Votes | % | FPP Seats | PR Seats | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PRI/PVEM | Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) | 30.6 | 161 | 63 | 224 | |
| Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México) | 4.0 | 3 | 14 | 17 | ||
| PRI-PVEM lists | 13.4 | |||||
| National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional) | 23.1 | 80 | 69 | 149 | ||
| Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática) | 17.6 | 56 | 41 | 97 | ||
| Labour Party (Partido del Trabajo) | 2.4 | 0 | 6 | 6 | ||
| Convergence for Democracy (Convergencia por la Democracia) | 2.3 | 0 | 5 | 5 | ||
| Independents | 0 | 2 | 2 | |||
| Total | 300 | 200 | 500 | |||
| Source: IFE/PREP and Grupa Reforma | ||||||
| Alliances and parties | Votes | % | Seats | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alliance for Change (Alianza por el cambio) |
National Action Party (Partido Acción Nacional) | 38.1 | 46 | |
| Green Ecological Party of Mexico (Partido Verde Ecologista de México) | 5 | |||
| Institutional Revolutionary Party (Partido Revolucionario Institucional) | 36.7 | 60 | ||
| Alliance for Mexico (Alianza por México) |
Party of the Democratic Revolution (Partido de la Revolución Democrática) | 18.9 | 15 | |
| Labour Party (Partido del Trabajo) | 1 | |||
| Convergence for Democracy (Convergencia por la Democracia]) | 1 | |||
| Social Alliance Party (Partido Alianza Social ) | - | |||
| Party of the Nationalist Society (Partido de la Sociedad Nacionalista) | - | |||
| Social Democracy (Democracia Social) | 1.8 | - | ||
| Party of the Democratic Centre (Partido de Centro Democrático] ) | 1.4 | - | ||
| Authentic Party of the Mexican Revolution (Partido Auténtico de la Revolución Mexicana) | 0.7 | - | ||
| Total (turnout 64.0 %) | 128 | |||
| Source: IFE | ||||
