Francis William Rhodes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Francis William Rhodes | |
|---|---|
| 1851 - September 1905 | |
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| Nickname | Frank |
| Place of birth | Saint Michaels, Bishop's Stortford, Hertfordshire, England |
| Allegiance | British |
| Service/branch | Army |
| Years of service | 1873 - 1896 ; 1899 - 1903 |
| Rank | Colonel |
| Unit | 1st Royal Dragoons |
| Battles/wars | Sudan Campaign: Battles of El Teb; Battle of Khartoum ; Battle of Tamai; Battle of Abu Klea ; Battle of Omdurman ; Second Matabele War ; Second Boer War |
| Awards | Distinguished Service Order ; Venus General Service Medal ; Khedives Bronze Star ; British South Africa Company Medal ; Order of Bath |
| Other work | Administrator of Mashonaland ; Reform Committee (Transvaal) ; War Correspondent |
Francis W. Rhodes, better known as Frank, is perhaps the best known member of the Rhodes family after his brother Cecil. Trained as a soldier from his youth, he participated in a considerable amount of conflict in different parts of the world. After graduating from Sandhurst, he joined the 1st Royal Dragoons in 1873 and served the British Army for 23 years. He participated in the Sudan Campaign, accompanied the Nile expedition to Khartoum in the abortive effort to relieve Gen. Gordon, and was present at the battles of El Teb and Tamai. At the Battle of Abu Klea, he distinguished himself when he had several horses shot from under him in the course of the engagement. He was awarded several medals and clasps, including the Distinguished Service Order.
Rhodes filled various staff appointments. From 1890-93, he served as military secretary to Lord Harris while he was Governor of Bombay, and in 1893 he was chief of staff on Sir Gerald Herbert Portal’s mission to Uganda. Rhodes also served for a brief period as Administrator of Mashonaland and as the appointed military member of the council of four in the government of Matabeleland under Leander Starr Jameson.
In perhaps the most trying event in his career, Rhodes served as a leading member of the Reform Committee (Transvaal), in Johanesburg, attempting to liberalize the government of Transvaal Republic President Paul Kruger on behalf of the Uitlander population living in Transvaal. Following the Jameson Raid in November 1895, the members of the Reform Committee were charged with high treason for their colaboration with Jameson. Rhodes, John Hays Hammond, and other leaders of the Committee were sentenced to death in April 1896, only this sentence was later commuted to 15 years’ imprisonment. In June 1896, all members of the Committe were released on payment of a heavy fine. As a punishment for his support of Jameson the British Army placed Rhodes on the retired list and barred him from active involvement in army business. After his release from jail, he immediately joined his brother Cecil and the British South Africa Company in Second Matabele War.
In 1898 he joined Gen. Kitchener’s Nile expedition as war correspondent for The Times. At the Battle of Omdurman on September 2 he was shot and severely wounded in the right arm. For his services during that campaign he was restored to the army active list. During the Second Boer War, Rhodes continued to work as a war correspondent. He was trapped for the duration in the Siege of Ladysmith and participated in the Relief of Mafeking. After retiring from the Army in 1903, he served as managing director of the African Trans-Continental Telegraph Company until his death in 1905.
[edit] References
- Cecil Rhodes: A Study of a Career, by Howard Hensman, William Backwood and Sons, Edinburgh and London (1911)
- The truth about the Jameson raid, by John Hays Hammond (1918)
