Hydroxylammonium nitrate
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Hydroxylammonium Nitrate or hydroxylamine Nitrate (HAN) is an energetic chemical with the chemical formula NH3OHNO3. It is the salt of hydroxylamine and nitric acid. It is related to ammonium nitrate, but has a higher oxygen content. In its pure form, it is a hygroscopic solid.
It is usually used in aqueous solution. The solution is corrosive and toxic, but is not believed to be carcinogenic. HAN MSDS can be found on the web (example: Sachem MSDS for HAN 2 M).
HAN is potentially unstable in presence of a strong oxidizer, such as nitric acid. Presence of trace amounts of metallic salts decreases markedly the stability of HAN solutions, and accidents have been reported (see references below).
HAN is being researched as a potential rocket propellant, both in the solid form as a solid propellant oxidizer, and in the aqueous solution in bipropellant rockets.
HAN is sometimes used in nuclear reprocessing as a plutonium reductant.
[edit] Bibliography
- John R. Pembridge et al. (1979). "Kinetics, Mechanism, and Stoicheiometry of the Oxidation of Hydroxylamine by Nitric Acid". JCS Dalton., 1979, 1657-1663.
- Donald G. Harlow et al. (1998). "Technical Report on Hydroxlyamine Nitrate". U.S. Department of Energy. DOE/EH-0555
- Gösta Bengtsson et al. (2002) "The kinetics and mechanism of oxidation of hydroxylamine by iron(III)". J. Chem. Soc., Dalton Trans., 2002, 2548–2552
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