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List of marine aquarium fish species - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

List of marine aquarium fish species

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following is a list of marine aquarium fish species commonly available in the aquarium trade. It is not a completely comprehensive list; certain rare specimens may sometimes be available commercially yet not be listed here. A brief section on each, with additional links is provided.

Contents

[edit] Angelfish

(dwarf angels in a reef setting has been heavily debated)

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Bellus angel Genicanthus bellus Yes; feeds on plankton Moderate
Blue angelfish Holacanthus bermudensis May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Coral beauty angel Centropyge bispinosus May nip Corals and Clams Easy to Moderate Colorful but shy fish, the coral beauty angel requires many hiding places as well as space to swim. The coral beauty is semi-aggressive, and is not to be put with other angelfish unless there is enough room for them to move freely without crossing into each other's territory.
Cortez angelfish Pomacanthus zonipectus May nip Corals and Clams Moderate
Eibli angel Centropyge eibli May nip Corals and Clams Easy to Moderate
Emperor angelfish Pomacanthus imperator May nip Corals and Clams Moderate
Flame angel Centropyge loriculus May nip Corals and Clams Easy to Moderate
Flameback angel Centropyge acanthops May nip Corals and Clams Moderate
French angel Pomacanthus paru May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Half-black angel Centropyge vroliki May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Herald's angel Centropyge heraldi May nip Corals and Clams Moderate
Koran angel Pomacanthus semicirculatus May nip Corals and Clams Moderate
Lemonpeel angel Centropyge flavissima May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Majestic (blue-girdled) angel Pomacanthus navarchus May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Midnight angel Centropyge multifasciata May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Potter's angel Centropyge potteri May nip Corals and Clams Easy to Moderate
Pygmy angelfish Centropyge argi May nip Corals and Clams Moderate Blue colored body with an orange yellow head. This angelfish is terrtorial and also requires many hiding places. Do not mix this angelfish with other angelfish.
Queen angel Holacanthus ciliaris May nip Corals and Clams Moderate
Rusty angel Centropyge ferrugatus May nip Corals and Clams Difficult
Swallowtail angel Genicanthus semifasciatus Yes; feeds on plankton Moderate

[edit] Anthias

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Bartlett's anthias Pseudanthias bartlettorum Yes; feeds on plankton Difficult They must be fed several times a day to survive.
Squareback anthias Pseudanthias pleurotaenia Yes; feeds on plankton Difficult They must be fed several times a day to survive.

[edit] Bass

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Chalk bass Serranus tortugarum Generally Easy to Moderate
Harlequin bass Serranus trigrinus Generally Easy to Moderate
Tobacco bass Serranus tabacarius Generally Easy to Moderate

[edit] Basslets

This category also includes the spiny basslets.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Black cap basslet Gramma melacara yes Moderate
Blue assessor or blue devilfish Assessor macneilli yes Easy to Moderate (a spiny basslet)
Royal gramma Gramma loreto yes Easy to Moderate
Brazilian gramma Gramma brasiliensis yes Easy to Moderate Very similar to the royal gramma, but slightly more aggressive. Its colors shade more gradually from purple to yellow.
Yellow flavissimus assessor or yellow devilfish Assessor flavissimus yes Easy to Moderate (a spiny basslet)

[edit] Batfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Orbiculate batfish Platax orbicularis Generally not; feeds on many benthic invertebrates Difficult
Teira batfish Platax teira Generally not; feeds on many benthic invertebrates Difficult

[edit] Blennies

(excluding fang blennies, a few species will nip at polyps and giant clam mantles)
Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Barnacle / spineyhead blenny Acanthemblemaria spinosa Moderate
Bicolor blenny Ecsenius bicolor Easy to Moderate
Black lined fang blenny Meicanthus nigrolineatus Easy to Moderate
Bundoon blenny Meiacanthus bundoon Easy to Moderate
Canary fang blenny Meiacanthus oualanensis Easy to Moderate
Lawnmower blenny, algae blenny, or combtooth blenny Salarias fasciatus Easy to Moderate
Midas blenny Ecsenius midas Easy to Moderate
Red lip blenny Ophioblennius atlanticus Easy to Moderate
Red Sea mimic blenny Ecsenius gravieri Moderate
Sailfin blenny Emblemaria pandionis Moderate
Tail spot blenny Ecsenius stigmatura Moderate
Two-spot blenny Ecsenius bimaculatus Moderate

[edit] Boxfish

Boxfish generally are very personable fish yet are poorly suited for the home aquaria. They are not thought of as an ordinary aquarium tank mate, but are quickly gaining popularity. They do pose a hazard in the community tank however. They are capable of releasing a very powerful toxin which can kill other fish and in some cases, the boxfish itself. They generally only use it when threatened or dying, but can become disturbed easily with aggressive tank mates or overcrowded aquarium. Generally boxfish are reef safe, though they will pick at invertebrates if not fed well enough.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Helmet cowfish Tetrasomus gibbosus Generally Expert
Longhorn cowfish Lactoria cornuta Generally Expert
Cubicus boxfish Ostracion cubicus Generally Expert

[edit] Butterflyfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Copperband butterfly Chelmon rostratus Generally Yes; feeds on tiny invertebrates Difficult
Heniochus butterfly Heniochus diphreutes Generally Yes, feeds on plankton Moderate
Longnose butterfly Forcipiger flavissimus Generally yes; feeds on tiny organisms Moderate
Raccoon butterfly Cheatodon lunula Generally no; feeds on coral Moderate

[edit] Cardinalfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Bangaii / Kaudern's cardinal Pterapogon kauderni Yes; feeds on plankton in the water column Moderate
Flame cardinal Apogon maculatus Yes; feeds on plankton Difficult
Orange-striped cardinal Apogon cyanosoma Yes; feeds on plankton Difficult
Pajama / spotted cardinal Sphaeramia nematoptera Yes; feeds on plankton Moderate

[edit] Chromis

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Blackmouth bicolor chromis Neoglyphidodon nigroris Yes Difficult Aggressive
Black and white Chromis Chromis iomelas Yes Moderate Peaceful; likes acropora coral
Black bar Chromis Chromis retrofasciata Yes Usually peaceful unless housed alone
Blue reef chromis Chromis cyaneus Yes Difficult Peaceful and schooling
Green reef Chromis Chromis viridis Yes Easy Peaceful and schooling, prefers to be in shoals of three or more.
Limbaughi chromis Chromis limbaughi Yes Easy Peaceful
Orange line chromis Acanthochromis polyacanthus Yes Easy Peaceful
Sunshine chromis Chromis insolatus Yes Easy

[edit] Clownfish

Clownfish are a marine aquarium species noted for their ability to host in anemones. They have been recently popularized by the movie, Finding Nemo.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Cinnamon or Coral Sea clown Amphiprion melanopus Yes Easy to moderate  ?
Clark's anemonefish Amphiprion clarkii Yes Easy to moderate  ?
False percula clown Amphiprion ocellaris Yes Easy Commonly available. Also sold in a black color variation.
Maroon clown Premnas biaculeatus Does not harm invertebrates, but may attack small fish Easy to moderate Can grow quite large and become aggressive towards smaller tankmates
Percula clown Amphiprion percula Yes Easy to moderate Almost indistinguishable from A. ocellaris. Most Percula clowns sold are actually A. ocellaris.
Pink skunk clown Amphiprion perideraion Yes Moderate The pink skunk clown requires an anemone, and will not grow much larger than an inch.
Tomato clown Amphiprion frenatus Yes Easy commonly available, is distinguished by the one while stripe running vertically behind its head. This fish is somewhat aggressive towards other clowns.
Saddleback clown Amphiprion polymnus Yes Moderate Similar to the ocellaris & percula, but the white stripes are at an angle. More timid than many other clowns.

[edit] Damsels

(sometimes excluding larger, more aggressive Dascyllus varieties)

All Damselfish can be considered reef-safe.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Azure Damsel Chrysiptera hemicyanea Yes Easy
Blue damsel Chrysiptera cyanea Yes Easy An orange tail indicates breeding success. The males have orange on their tails while the females do not. This fish is hardy and aggressive.
Blue and gold damsel Pomacentrus coelestis Yes
Blue velvet damsel Paraglyphidodon oxyodon Yes
Bluefin damsel Neoglyphidodon melas Yes Easy
Domino damsel Dascyllus trimaculatus Yes Easy also known as the three spot damsel, this fish is easy to care for, but is also very aggressive. The fish is black except for three distinct white spots that fade as the fish ages.
Fiji blue devil damsel Chrysiptera taupou Yes Easy This striking blue damsel is one of the most popular beginner fish. Like other damsels, it is very hardy, and very aggressive when mature.
Four stripe damsel Dascyllus melanurus Yes Easy The four stripe damsel is a perfect beginner marine fish as it is very hardy. This fish is highly territorial and is best suited for a semi-aggressive to aggressive tank.
Garibaldi damsel Hypsypops rubicunda Yes Easy to Moderate
Honey head damsel Dischistodus prosopotaenia Yes
Jewel damsel Microspathodon chrysurus Yes Easy
Lemon / yellow damsel Pomacentrus moluccensis Yes Easy
Marginated damsel Dascyllus marginatus Yes Easy The marginated damsel is noted for blue fins as well as the yellow head and white body. This fish is hardy like most damsels and is also highly aggressive when mature.
Neon damsel Pomacentrus alleni Yes
Orangetail damsel Chrysipetra cyanea Yes Easy
Pink smith damsel Pomacentrus smithi Yes Easy
Sergeant major damsel Abudefduf saxatilis Yes Easy
Springer's damsel Chrysiptera springeri Yes Easy
Stark's damsel Chrysiptera starcki Yes Easy
Talbots damsel Chrysiptera talboti Yes
Three stripe damsel Dascyllus aruanus Yes Easy
Tuxedo damsel Chrysiptera tricincta Yes
Two Stripe Damsel Dascyllus reticulatus Yes Easy the two stripe damsel is a very hardy fish. This fish is perfect for the beginner marine aquarist, as it can tolerate substandard water quality. This fish is highly aggressive, and requires many hiding places.
Yellow damsel Amblyglyphidodon aureus Yes
Yellowtail dascyllus Dascyllus flavicauda Yes
Yellowtail damsel Chrysiptera parasema Yes Easy The yellowtail damsel possess a all blue body with a striking yellow tail. This damsel is a good beginner fish as it is very hardy and can tolerate substandard water quality. This damsel is also less aggressive that some other damsel species.

[edit] Dottybacks

See Pseudochromis

[edit] Dragonets

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Mandarinfish Synchiropus splendidus Yes Difficult A brightly colored member of the dragonet family. Eats only copepods and will die in captivity without an adequate supply, which can only be had in very large, well established reef tanks
Red scooter blenny Synchiropus stellatus Yes Moderate Not a true blenny
Scooter blenny Synchiropus ocellatus Yes Moderate Not a true blenny

[edit] Eels

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Golden moray eel Gymnothorax miliaris May eat fish and shrimp Difficult
Snowflake eel Echidna nebulosa May eat shrimp if underfed Easy A pebble-tooth moray that generally eats crustaceans and similar.

[edit] Filefish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Fantail orange filefish Pervagor spilosoma No Easy
Colored filefish Pervagor melanocephalus Caution Easy
Tassle filefish Chaetoderma pencilligera Caution Easy
Clown filefish Cantherhines dumerili Caution Easy

[edit] Foxface

See Rabbitfish

[edit] Gobies

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Black clown goby Gobiodon acicularis Mostly Moderate Similar to Yellow clown goby, but black
Citron clown goby Gobiodon citrinus Mostly Moderate Can grow to up tp 3 inches in length
Engineer goby Pholidichthys leucotaenia Yes Easy to Moderate small burrowing goby
Green banded goby Gobiosoma multifasciatum Yes Moderate small burrowing goby with green vertical stripes
Red headed goby Gobiosoma puncticulatus Yes Moderate  ?
Neon goby Gobiosoma oceanops Yes Easy A Caribbean cleaner species that sometimes eats larger parasites from other fish.
Watchman goby Cryptocentrus cinctus Yes Moderate A perching goby that can form a symbiotic relationship with pistol shrimp
Yashia goby Stonogobiops yasha Yes  ?  ?
Yellow clown goby Gobiodon okinawae Yes Moderate small yellow fish that likes branching corals

[edit] Groupers

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Panther grouper or spotted grouper Calloplesiops altivelis No Difficult Will grow to 20 inches in length. Requires a fish only tank of about 300 gallons.
Blue dot grouper Cephalopholis argus Moderate
Blue line grouper Cephalopholis formosa Moderate
Golden stripe soapfish Grammistes sexlineatus Moderate
Leaflip grouper Pogonoperca punctata Moderate
Miniatus grouper Cephalopholis miniatus Moderate
Red flag grouper Cephalopholis urodeta Moderate
Red louti grouper Variola louti Moderate
Spotted grouper Epinephelus summana Moderate

[edit] Hawkfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Arc eye hawkfish Paracirrhites arcatus Moderate
Flame hawkfish Neocirrhites armatus Easy to Moderate
Longnose hawkfish Oxycirrhites typus Moderate
Spotted hawkfish Cirrhitichthys aprinus Easy to Moderate

[edit] Hogfish

[edit] Jawfish

Jawfish are burrowers and require a sandy substrate of sufficient depth.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Black cap jawfish Opistognathus lonchurus Caution Moderate Requires a 30 gallon tank and 3 inch substrate. Tank should remain tightly lidded. May eat small shrimp.
Dusky jawfish Opistognathus whitehurstii Caution Moderate Requires a 30 gallon tank and 3 inch sand substrate. Tank should remain tightly lidded.
Yellowhead jawfish Opistognathus aurifrons Caution Moderate Requires a 30 gallon tank and 5 to 7 inch soft substrate. Tank should remain tightly lidded.

[edit] Lionfish

Lionfish have poisonous spines and should be treated with caution.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Colored volitan lionfish Pterois russelli Easy to Moderate
Fuzzy dwarf lion Dendrochirus brachypterus Moderate
Volitan lionfish Pterois volitans Caution Easy to Moderate Semi-aggressive; carnivore; Can grow up to 38 cm in length in captivity

[edit] Pipefish

(can be killed by stinging corals and anemones)

[edit] Pufferfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Dogface puffer Arothron nigropunctatus Moderate
Green spotted puffer Tetraodon nigroviridis  ?
Porcupine puffer Diodon holocanthus corals:yes inverts:no Moderate
Black-spotted porcupinefish Diodon hystrix Moderate
Sharpnose puffer Canthigaster rostrata Difficult
Valentine puffer Canthigaster valentini Moderate

[edit] Pseudochromis

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Australian multicolor pseudochromis Ogilbyina novaehollandiae Moderate
Blue flavivertex pseudochromis Pseudochromis flavivertex Moderate
Neon pseudochromis, Arabian dottyback or neon dottyback Pseudochromis aldabraensis Moderate
Bicolor pseudochromis Pseudochromis paccagnallae Easy to Moderate resembles royal gramma in coloration. The bicolor pseudochromis is semi-aggressive and will defend its territory against fish several times its size. This fish is fairly hardy, and is a good beginner fish.
Purple stripe pseudochromis or diadema basslet Pseudochromis diadema Easy to Moderate
Indigo dottyback Pseudochromis sankeyi Moderate
Fridmani pseudochromis or Orchid dottyback Pseudochromis fridmani Easy to Moderate
Sailfin pseudochromis Pseudochromis veliferus Moderate
Splendid pseudochromis Pseudochromis splendens Moderate
Springeri pseudochromis Pseudochromis springeri Moderate
Strawberry pseudochromis or purple psuedochromis Pseudochromis porphyreu Easy to Moderate

[edit] Rabbitfish

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Foxface Siganus vulpinus Easy to Moderate
Magnificent foxface Siganus magnificus Easy to Moderate
Rabbitfish Siganus spp. Easy to Moderate

[edit] Rays

All rays have a poisonous spine near the base of the tail. Care must be taken to avoid this animal when performing tank maintenance and during capture.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Fiddler stingray Trygonorhina fasciata No Expert Requires a minimum 360 gallon aquarium with a 1 meter width and a fine grained substrate. Coarse substrates may damage the underside of this animal, causing infection.
Round stingray Urobatis halleri No Expert Requires a minimum 180 gallon aquarium and a fine grained substrate. Coarse substrates may damage the underside of this animal, causing infection.
Spotted Caribbean stingray Urolophus spp. No Expert Requires a minimum 180 gallon aquarium and a fine grained substrate. Coarse substrates may damage the underside of this animal, causing infection.
Thornback stingray Platyrhinoidis triseriata No Expert Requires a minimum 360 gallon aquarium with a 1 meter width

[edit] Seahorse

Seahorses are delicate animals with specialized care requirements. They require branching corals or other decorations in which to roost, and they are slow eaters, starving in the presence of more voracious tankmates. Additionally, wild caught seahorses do not always adapt well to captivity, so captive bred specimens are preferred.

Seahorses can be killed by stinging corals and anemones.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Black seahorse Hippocampus reidi Caution Difficult
Colored seahorse Hippocampus kuda Caution Difficult
Black seahorse Hippocampus kelloggi Caution Difficult

[edit] Squirrelfish

[edit] Tangs

Tangs generally feed on algae, though there are a few carnivorous species.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Achilles tang Acanthurus achilles Yes Difficult
Atlantic blue tang Acanthurus coeruleus Yes Moderate
Blonde naso tang Naso lituratus Yes Easy to Moderate
Bristletooth tang Ctenochaetus striatus Yes Easy to Moderate
Chocolate tang Acanthurus pyroferus Yes Easy to Moderate
Desjardini tang Zebrasoma desjardinii Yes Moderate
Eibli mimic tang Acanthurus tristis Yes Moderate
Hippo tang Paracanthurus hepatus Yes Moderate
Kole tang Ctenochaetus strigosus Yes Easy to Moderate
Mimic tang Acanthurus pyroferus Yes Easy to Moderate
Naso tang Naso lituratus Yes Easy to Moderate
Powder blue tang Acunthurus leucosternon Yes Moderate
Purple tang Zebrasoma xanthurus Yes Easy to Moderate
Sailfin tang Zebrasoma veliferum Yes Easy to Moderate
Scopas tang Zebrasoma scopas Yes Easy to Moderate Similar to the yellow tang in shape and feeding.
Yellow tang Zebrasoma flavescens Yes Easy to Moderate The yellow tang requires ample swimming room and plenty of algae to graze on. The tang will not tolerate another of its kind unless there is ample space for each tang to have their own terriotry. The tang requires high oxygen levels.

[edit] Tilefish

Though often categorized as Gobies, Tilefish are a separate species.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Blue-headed tilefish Hoplolatilus starki Easy to Moderate
Purple tilefish Hoplolatilus purpureus Easy to Moderate
Skunk tilefish Hoplolatilus marcosi Easy to Moderate

[edit] Triggerfish

While they are generally considered monsters that will chomp invertebrates, many will actually make great reef fish.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Blue jaw trigger Xanthichthys auromarginatus Yes; feeds on plankton Moderate
Blue line trigger Pseudobalistes fuscus With Corals, Yes; but may eat other inverts Moderate
Clown trigger Balistoides conspicillum Sometimes, according to the particular fish Easy
Hawaiian black trigger Melichthys niger Yes; feeds on plankton Moderate
Niger trigger Odonus niger Yes; feeds on plankton Easy
Picasso trigger Rhinecanthus aculeatus Generally, no, since it feeds on Hard Corals, Crabs, and Echinoderms Easy to Moderate
Pinktail sargassum trigger Melichthys vidua Yes; very gentle and feeds on plankton Moderate

[edit] Wrasse

Some wrasse species are aggressive towards small fish and invertebrates.

Common name Taxonomy Reef safe Care Level Description
Carpenter's fairy wrasse Paracheilinus carpenteri Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Moderate
Eight line wrasse Pseudocheilinus octotaenia Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Easy to Moderate
Exquisite fairy wrasse Cirrhilabrus exquisitus Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Difficult
Fine-spotted fairy wrasse Cirrhilabrus punctatus Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Difficult
Four line wrasse Pseudocheilinus tetrataenia Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Easy to Moderate
Greenback fairy wrasse Cirrhilabrus scottorum Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Difficult
Harlequin tusk Choerodon fasciata Generally, yes, but may eat shrimps Moderate
Multicolor velvet wrasse Cirrhilabrus cyanopleura Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Moderate
Potter's wrasse Macropharyngodon geoffroyi Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Difficult
Red-head fairy wrasse Cirrhilabrus solorensis Yes; feeds on tiny organisms Difficult
Six line wrasse Pseudocheilinus hexataenia Yes Easy to Moderate small purple fish with six dark horizontal lines
Rhomboid Fairy Wrasse Cirrhilabrus rhomboidalis Yes Moderate Medium sized (~5" max) Golden body with purple horizontal stripes on head

[edit] See also

[edit] References

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aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu