Livny
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Livny (Russian: Ливны) is a town in Oryol Oblast, Russia. Its population as of the 2002 Census was 52,841.
The town apparently originated in 1556 as Ust-Livny, a wooden fort on the bank of the Livenka River, although some believe that a town had existed on the spot previous to the Mongol invasion of Rus. The fortress was important in guarding the southern border of Muscovy in the case of the Crimean Tatar attack.
Thirty years later, Ivan the Terrible sent prince Masalsky to build a town of Livny under the umbrella of a garrison stationed in the fort. It was pillaged and burnt by the Tatars on many occasions. In 1606, the citizens of Livny raised a rebellion against Boris Godunov, killing his governor and proclaiming their allegiance to False Dmitry I. Two years later, Ivan Bolotnikov chose it as a base of his military operations against Vasily IV.
In 1618, the wooden town was burnt by the Cossacks of Petro Konashevych. The Crimeans again attacked the town in 1661, burning it to the ground. As soon as the Tatar attacks ceased, the period of prosperity was ushered. In the 19th century, Livny rivalled Elets as the main trade centre of the area. Sergei Bulgakov, a philosopher, was a native of Livny.
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Cities and towns in Oryol Oblast |  |
| Administrative center: Oryol Bolkhov | Dmitrovsk | Livny | Maloarkhangelsk | Mtsensk | Novosil |
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