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Contents 1 A future list of geographical poles in the solar system 1.1 Mercury 1.1.1 North Pole: Borealis Planum 1.1.2 South Pole: Chao Meng-Fu 1.2 Venus 1.2.1 North Pole: Snegurochka Planitia 1.3 Earth system 1.3.1 Earth 1.3.1.1 North Pole 1.3.1.2 South Pole 1.3.2 Moon 1.4 Mars system 1.4.1 North Pole: Planum Boreum 1.4.2 South Pole: Planum Australe 2 Miscellaneous text dumps 2.1 Paper list

[edit] A future list of geographical poles in the solar system

The International Astronomical Union defines the geographic north pole of a planet or other object in the solar system as the planetary pole that is in the same ecliptic hemisphere as the Earth's North Pole. More accurately, "The north pole is that pole of rotation that lies on the north side of the invariable plane of the solar system" ^[1]

[edit] Mercury

[edit] North Pole: Borealis Planum

Main article: Borealis Planum

The north pole of Mercury lies within the plain Borealis Planum.

[edit] South Pole: Chao Meng-Fu

Main article: Chao Meng-Fu (crater)

The south pole of Mercury lies within the impact crater Chao Meng-Fu, named after the Chinese painter and calligrapher Zhao Mengfu. It is possible that water ice may exist permanently inside portions of the crater sheltered from the solar wind.^[2] In fact, areas of the crater floor are highly reflective to radar, providing indirect evidence that such ice exists. ^[3].

[edit] Venus

Not much is known about the poles of Venus, due to the planet being clouds of sulfuric acid aerosols. The presence of a double-eyed cyclonic storm ove the south pole was confirmed by the European Space Agency's Venus Express in April 2006.^[4]

[edit] North Pole: Snegurochka Planitia

Main article: Snegurochka Planitia

[edit] Earth system

[edit] Earth

[edit] North Pole

Main article: Arctic Ocean

Earth's north pole lies in the Arctic Ocean, the smallest and shallowest of Earth's oceans. It is the home of a permanent ice cap.

[edit] South Pole

Main article: Antartica

[edit] Moon

Unlike the Earth, the poles of the Moon have no permanent ice caps. The poles of the Moon have been suggested as places for human bases http://www.universetoday.com/2006/10/18/no-ice-at-the-moons-southern-pole/

[edit] Mars system

Both of Mars' poles are home to permanent ice caps comprising of a mixture of dry ice and water ice. Each ice cap rises hundreds of metres above the surrounding terrain.

Due to the size of Mars' moons, Phobos and Deimos, and the small number of features on each, they are not covered here.

[edit] North Pole: Planum Boreum

Main article: Planum Boreum

[edit] South Pole: Planum Australe

Main article: Planum Australe

The south pole lies within the southern polar plain, Planum Australe.

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[edit] Miscellaneous text dumps

[edit] Paper list

• Overview of the Spirit Mars Exploration Rover Mission to Gusev Crater: Landing site to Backstay Rock in the Columbia Hills

R. E. Arvidson, S. W. Squyres, R. C. Anderson, J. F. Bell III, D. Blaney, J. Brückner, N. A. Cabrol, W. M. Calvin, M. H. Carr, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, L. Crumpler, D. J. Des Marais, P. A. de Souza Jr., C. d'Uston, T. Economou, J. Farmer, W. H. Farrand, W. Folkner, M. Golombek, S. Gorevan, J. A. Grant, R. Greeley, J. Grotzinger, E. Guinness, B. C. Hahn, L. Haskin, K. E. Herkenhoff, J. A. Hurowitz, S. Hviid, J. R. Johnson, G. Klingelhöfer, A. H. Knoll, G. Landis, C. Leff, M. Lemmon, R. Li, M. B. Madsen, M. C. Malin, S. M. McLennan, H. Y. McSween, D. W. Ming, J. Moersch, R. V. Morris, T. Parker, J. W. Rice Jr., L. Richter, R. Rieder, D. S. Rodionov, C. Schröder, M. Sims, M. Smith, P. Smith, L. A. Soderblom, R. Sullivan, S. D. Thompson, N. J. Tosca, A. Wang, H. Wänke, J. Ward, T. Wdowiak, M. Wolff, A. Yen

• Spirit rover localization and topographic mapping at the landing site of Gusev crater, Mars

R. Li, B. A. Archinal, R. E. Arvidson, J. Bell, P. Christensen, L. Crumpler, D. J. Des Marais, K. Di, T. Duxbury, M. Golombek, J. Grant, R. Greeley, J. Guinn, A. Johnson, R. L. Kirk, M. Maimone, L. H. Matthies, M. Malin, T. Parker, M. Sims, S. Thompson, S. W. Squyres, L. A. Soderblom,

• Analysis of a spectrally unique deposit in the dissected Noachian terrain of Mars

E. Z. Noe Dobrea, J. F. Bell III, T. H. McConnochie, M. Malin,

• Overview of the Opportunity Mars Exploration Rover Mission to Meridiani Planum: Eagle Crater to Purgatory Ripple

S. W. Squyres, R. E. Arvidson, D. Bollen, J. F. Bell III, J. Brückner, N. A. Cabrol, W. M. Calvin, M. H. Carr, P. R. Christensen, B. C. Clark, L. Crumpler, D. J. Des Marais, C. d'Uston, T. Economou, J. Farmer, W. H. Farrand, W. Folkner, R. Gellert, T. D. Glotch, M. Golombek, S. Gorevan, J. A. Grant, R. Greeley, J. Grotzinger, K. E. Herkenhoff, S. Hviid, J. R. Johnson, G. Klingelhöfer, A. H. Knoll, G. Landis, M. Lemmon, R. Li, M. B. Madsen, M. C. Malin, S. M. McLennan, H. Y. McSween, D. W. Ming, J. Moersch, R. V. Morris, T. Parker, J. W. Rice Jr., L. Richter, R. Rieder, C. Schröder, M. Sims, M. Smith, P. Smith, L. A. Soderblom, R. Sullivan, N. J. Tosca, H. Wänke, T. Wdowiak, M. Wolff, A. Yen,

• Evidence for late stage fluvial activity in Kasei Valles, Mars. M. E. Williams, M. C. Malin,

• Present-day impact cratering rate and contemporary gully activity on Mars, by M. C. Malin, K. S. Edgett, L. V. Posiolova, S. M. McColley, and E. Z. N. Dobrea, Science, 314, 1573–1577, doi:10.1126/science.1135156, 2006.

• Evidence for late stage fluvial activity in Kasei Valles, Mars, by R. M. E. Williams and M. C. Malin, Journal of Geophysical Research, 109, E06001, doi:10.1029/2003JE002178, 2004.

• Evidence for persistent flow and aqueous sedimentation on early Mars, by M. C. Malin and K. S. Edgett, Science, 302, 1931–1934, doi:10.1126/science.1090544, 2003.

• Graphite-epoxy optical systems: Lessons learned on the way to Mars, by M. A. Ravine, E. A. Derby, G. E. Danielson, M. C. Malin, J. Richer, T. A. Soulanille, and A. R. Telkamp, Proceedings of SPIE International Society for Optical Engineering, 5179, 311–322, doi:10.1117/12.507967, 2003.

• Martian sedimentary rock stratigraphy: Outcrops and interbedded craters of northwest Sinus Meridiani and southwest Arabia Terra, by K. S. Edgett and M. C. Malin, Geophysical Research Letters, 29(24), 2179, doi:10.1029/2002GL016515, 2002.

• Multiyear Mars Orbiter Camera (MOC) observations of repeated Martian weather phenomena during the northern summer season, by B. Cantor, M. Malin, K. S. Edgett, Journal of Geophysical Research, 107(E3), 5014, doi:10.1029/2001JE001588, 2002.

• Observational evidence for an active surface reservoir of solid carbon dioxide on Mars, by M. C. Malin, M. A. Caplinger, and S. D. Davis, Science, 294, 2146–2148, doi:10.1126/science.1066416, 2001.

• Mars Global Surveyor Mars Orbiter Camera: Interplanetary Cruise through Primary Mission, by M. C. Malin and K. S. Edgett, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106(E10), 23,429–23,570, doi:10.1029/2000JE001455, 2001.

• Mars Orbiter Camera Geodesy Campaign, by M. A. Caplinger and M. C. Malin, Journal of Geophysical Research, 106(E10), 23,595–23,606, doi:10.1029/2000JE001341, 2001.

• Sedimentary rocks of early Mars, by M. C. Malin and K. S. Edgett, Science, 290, 1927–1937, doi:10.1126/science.290.5498.1927, 2000.

• Evidence for recent groundwater seepage and surface runoff on Mars, by M. C. Malin and K. S. Edgett, Science, 288, 2330–2335, doi:10.1126/science.288.5475.2330, 2000.

• Oceans or seas in the martian northern lowlands: High resolution imaging tests of proposed coastlines, by M. C. Malin and K. S. Edgett, Geophysical Research Letters, 26(19), 3049–3052, doi:10.1029/1999GL002342, 1999.

• Early views of the martian surface from the Mars Orbiter Camera of Mars Global Surveyor, by M. C. Malin, M. H. Carr, G. E. Danielson, M. E. Davies, W. K. Hartmann, A. P. Ingersoll, P. B. James, H. Masursky, A. S. McEwen, L. A. Soderblom, P. Thomas, J. Veverka, M. A. Caplinger, M. A. Ravine, T. A. Soulanille, and J. L. Warren, Science, 279, 1681–1685, doi:10.1126/science.279.5357.1681, 1998.

• The Mars Observer Camera, by M. C. Malin, G. E. Danielson, A. P. Ingersoll, H. Masursky, J. Veverka, M. A. Ravine and T. A. Soulanille, Journal of Geophysical Research, 97(E5), 7699–7718, doi:10.1029/92JE00340, 1992.

• Design and development of the Mars Observer Camera, by M. C. Malin, G. E. Danielson, M. A. Ravine and T. A. Soulanille, International Journal of Imaging Systems and Technology, 3, 76–91, 1991.

• Rock stratigraphy in Gale Crater, Mars, by K. S. Edgett and M. C. Malin, Lunar and Planetary Science XXXII, Abstract 1005, Lunar and Planetary Institute, Houston, Texas, March 2001.

• Nature and origin of intercrater plains on Mars, by M. C. Malin, in Studies of the surface morphology of Mars, Ph.D. dissertation, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California, 1976.

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