Niksar
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 Niksar |
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| Location in Turkey | |
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| Overview | |
| Region | Black Sea Region, Turkey |
| Province | Tokat Province |
| Population | 90,000 (2000) |
| Area | 955 km² |
| Population density | 95/km² |
| Elevation | 350 m |
| Coordinates | 40°35′ N 36°58′ E |
| Postal code | 60600 |
| Area code | 0356 |
| Licence plate code | 60 |
| Mayor | İdris Şahin (Justice and Development Party) |
| Website | http://www.niksar.bel.tr, http://www.niksaralem.com |
The mystical city Niksar, it is difficult to describe, merely it will be comprehended when lived in. I’m of the opinion that another city like Niksar in which history with geography, the sun with the earth and water with greenery are such completed, residents are complemented perfectly to the city is rare. In the smallest part of its land, hiding eminent memory of the martyries and reminiscences made out bye labor of love of our ancestors like a secret; on each stone carrying and keeping alive until today the traces of the civilizations that Niksar has passed, Niksar has a just pride on being capital for 40 years. Niksar meadow, at 350 m. Altitude and with a temperate climate, is known as Çukurova of the North-Anatolia by every kind of fruits and vegetables except for citrus fruits. Settled 13 kilometers from Niksar, Çamiçi high plateau is worth seeing as a world wonder by its altitude over 1000m., by very green pine forests all around, by very cool weather with abundant oxygen. Ayvaz Water and promenade area are very different. The second water fame around the world, Ayvaz Water has both healed for a thousand years and produced in glass and plastic filling institution it has been delivered to a vast native and overseas markets. Living is a city of which birth of time is indefinite; Niksar is like an open air museum by its historical monuments, castle, fountains, tombs, mosques, and stately homes. It is a cultural city which keeps alive wealth of a great many civilizations.
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[edit] Niksar in History
Joined history, nature and culture, Niksar, (which has) been attractive continuously at the time of Hittite, Persian, Greek, Rome, Byzantium, Danishmend, Selçuklu, principalities and Ottoman, is one of very rare settlement places of Anatolia by its geopolitics location, climate and productive lands.
Called as Caberia at the time of Grek Kingdom which was founded by ending of Persian Empire, Niksar has attracted attention with wealth of its nature and plenty of its products. On its resorts, many temples, palaces, settlements have been built. At the time of 72 BC, the third one of the Mithridot Battles between Rome and Greek happened in Niksar and the city had changed hands to Rome.
Niksar was called as Diaspolis, Sebaste, Neocaeserea at the time of Rome. It is considered largely that name “Niksar” was shortened from Neocaeserea. In 1672, Evliya Çelebi had come to Niksar and said that “East of Niksar is Nik Hisar, namely it is good Hisar but to lighten this, it is called Niksar wrongly” in his work “Seyahatname”…
Niksar depended on Byzantium when Rome Empire divided into two parts in AD 395. When Turks's raid to Anatolia in XI century, it was conquered by Afşin Bey who is one of the commanders of Alparslan in 1067. However, again it was got hold by Byzantium in 1068. Conquered by Artuk Bey after Malazgirt War, Niksar again was got hold by Byzantium in 1073.
Melik Gümüştekin Ahmet Gazi who is founder of Danishmend Government is real conqueror of Niksar. After the conquest, Danishmend Gazi made capital city and also chose Niksar as a base to struggle against Coastal Greek, too. Niksar become a center of science and culture at that term.
Niksar depended on Selçuklu in 1175 that is term of Kılıçarslan II. By Mongol invasion, in 1341 Niksar firstly depended on Eretna Government and then Tacettinoğulları Goverment and it become center of this principality.
Kadı Burhanettin who conquered Niksar in 1387 was killed in a battle so people of Niksar called for help from Bayezid I and his son, Süleyman Çelebi, got back Niksar to Ottoman lands. The historical country where Fatih Sultan Mehmet stayed during Trabzon raid and Yavuz Sultan Selim and Suleiman the Magnificient stayed during east raids was a county center depended on Tokat Sancağı in the later years of Ottoman. Danişmendli, Selçuklu, Byzantium, Rome have existed as a symbol of the historical past.
Faced with pressures of Greek and Armenian guerillas Niksar, at the same time against the enemies who occupied our country arranged one of the first meeting in Anatolia for protesting against occupation of İzmir on June 16th. 1919 and it existed from the Republic until today.
The first meeting in Tokat was arranged in Niksar upon that İzmir was occupied by Grek on June 20th. 1919 at the end of meeting that a thousand of people joined telegram was sent signing by Hacı Mahir Bey who was chief of Redd-i İlhak Association toagents of İtilaf Governments.
“We that are people of Niksar call out to Wilson who claims agent to law and the other countries. You turn a deaf ear to our screams any more. If you will continue to occupying to our country that is our national wealth, killing us is the easiest way of this. Come and kill… We that are people of Turkey want remaining Turk the smallest part of our country. And you have promised that. But now you break your promise. It wills a step to killing us the attempt to occupation to Anatolia.”
[edit] Geographic Location
Niksar is a county that depends on Tokat where inside part of Middle Black Sea part of the Black Sea Region.
Surface measurement of Niksar is 9555 km². It’s on 40°35’ North latitude and 36° 58’ east longitude. Its altitude is average 350 m. It is surrounded with Erbaa on the north-west, Tokat on the South-west, Almus on the South, Başçiftlik on the South-east and Akkuş on the north of Niksar. It is one of the largest five counties of Tokat.
There is the Canik Mountains on the north, Dönek Mountain on the south of country and Niksar Lowland between these mountains. The Canik Mountains are covered with plateaus that lie down parallel to Black Sea. Çamiçi High Plateau is one of the most important high plateaus of not just Niksar but also Tokat.
Niksar lands that are very rich in rivers have been irrigated by the Kelkit Stream and big and little branches of this stream.
Niksar Lowland that becomes more fertile by irrigation and carrying alluvium is one of the most important lowland of Black Sea Region.
This county that has convenient plateau in aspect of agriculture area is covered with forests and under woods 53 % and meadow and pasture 12%. While 32% of county lands sewn and sown, only 3% is not suitable for agriculture.
There are beech, pine, horn beech, spruce on high level that is on the north of Niksar, poplar, willow on flatness that is in low level, herbals in the lowland, fruit in the valleys. There consists of Niksar’s plant cover.
Polecat, rabbit, wolf, fox, lynx, bear, and pig are main hunting animal that live on the mountains and the forests. Partridge quail and duck take important place in the kinds of birds. Niksar has got transition climate between Middle Black Sea Part and Inner Anatolia. In generally it is tepid and rainy in winter, hot in summer. Annual rain average of county that is 475,2 mm. and annual heat average is 14,7 °C.
Niksar founded on the foot of the Canik Mountains that lands to Kelkit Valley and lied down along to the valley in which Kelkit River has passed has, natural beauties and Çamiçi High Plateau, 14 kms from city center rivets this beauty.
The country where is ornamented with the Works that reflect the Turk-Islam culture of terms of Danişmendli, Selçuklu, Ottoman seems a rich open air museum in which all the traces of history keep alive splendidly.
[edit] Kitchen of Niksar
The most important peculiarity traditional Tokat-Niksar houses are using one of the largest rooms of house as kitchen. Kitchen has been called “Aşevi” or “Aşgana” in public dialect.
While these is a fireplace which is used for cooking or washing at one side of room, at the other side there is a store-room in which dried foods, conserve, sauce, cheese and grape leaf are kept. Besides there is a wooden granary that has got partitions for storing cereals and leguminous plants… In our country, most of people have been eating meal on ground table. Kitchen is a lounge in families, too. Meals in our country that has got lots of meal variety is below:
[edit] Soups
Tarhana, bacaklı soup, hele soup, gendirme toygası, maize toygası, katıklı wedding soup, zoğallı and erikli soup, village toyga soup.
[edit] Meals
Tokat kebab, yaprak sarması, cevizli bat, baklalı yaprak dolması, kabak kabuğu kavurması, madımak, beet, pehli.
[edit] Pastries
Çökelekli, katmer, cızlak, yufka pie, cevizli bun, bişi, stork giliği, muhacir pie, çarşaf pie.
[edit] Pilafs
Bulgur pilaf with lentil and bean, keşkek.
[edit] Desserts
Yufka dessert, kuşburnu jam, kalburabastı, mulberry molasses, rice puding, baklava, revani, semolina dessert, lokma dessert.
 Niksar in Tokat Province (in the Black Sea region) of Turkey |
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| Urban districts | Tokat |    |
| Rural districts | Almus - Artova - Başçiftlik - Erbaa - Niksar - Pazar - Reşadiye - Sulusaray - Turhal - Yeşilyurt - Zile | |
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Regions
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| Aegean | ||
| Black Sea | ||
| Central Anatolia | ||
| East Anatolia | ||
| Marmara | ||
| Mediterranean Sea | ||
| Southeastern Anatolia | ||
This article incorporates text from the public domain Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography by William Smith (1857).
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