Otley
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Otley is a town in northern England by the River Wharfe. It is part of the metropolitan borough of Leeds in the metropolitan county of West Yorkshire, and is within the historic boundaries of the West Riding of Yorkshire.
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[edit] Overview
Otley and Wharfedale ward has a population of 24,000, and Otley itself has a population of 14,348, according to Census 2001.
The town hosts Wharfedale General Hospital which serves the surrounding area, and also Prince Henry's Grammar School, which holds Language college status.
Otley lies in the Leeds North West constituency of the UK Parliament and is represented by MP Greg Mulholland (Liberal Democrats). It is part of the Otley & Yeadon ward on Leeds City Council and is represented by three Liberal Democrat Councillors Ryk Downes, Colin Campbell & Graham Kirkland. It is twinned with the French town of Montereau, south of Paris.
[edit] Geography
The town lies in Wharfedale, and is divided in two by the River Wharfe. It is surrounded mostly by arable farmland.
The south side of the valley is dominated by a large gritstone escarpment overlooking Otley called The Chevin. In 1944, Major Le G.G.W. Horton Fawkes of Farnley Hall donated 263 acres (1.1 km²) of land on the Chevin to the people of Otley. This has now been expanded to 700 acres (2.8 km²) and is known as Chevin Forest Park. It was from the quarry on The Chevin that the foundation stones for the Houses of Parliament were hewn.
To the east and west of Otley there are flooded gravel pits, where sand and gravel have been extracted in the 20th century. The gravel pits to the east are known as Knotford Nook, and are a noted birdwatching site. Those to the west are devoted to angling and sailing.
To the West are the nearby villages of Burley-in-Wharfedale and Menston. To the East is the smaller village of Pool-in-Wharfedale.
[edit] Features
Otley vies with a select handful of towns in England, for the distinction of having the most pubs per head of population. There are currently 22 pubs, although the Spite (properly known as The Roebuck) and The Royalty are both on the outskirts of the town, with the Spite actually located in North Yorkshire. The Black Horse Hotel situated in the centre of town is both the biggest pub and biggest hotel. The Junction Inn, just a minute walk from the bus station has won numerous awards for its beer including a CAMRA award for best pub. It has seven different real ales on at any one time and has live bands playing weekly. It is a popular pub for those travelling to the Otley Folk Festival
Otley hosts the annual Otley Folk Festival in September (book early as most hotel rooms in the town are pre booked from the previous year) as well as the popular Victorian Fayre in December, Carnival in June and in May what is reputed to be the oldest one day agricultural show in the country. There is also a Beer Festival organised by the church every November which also includes performances by the grammar school's music department.
[edit] History
The town dates from before Roman times, and belonged to the Archbishopric of York. Otley is close to Leeds and thus may have formed part of the kingdom of Elmet. The southern flank of the Wharfe valley which lies above Otley is known as The Chevin a term that has close parallels to the welsh term "Cefn", meaning ridge and may be a survival of the ancient cumbric language. Remains of the old Archbishop's Manor House were found during the construction of St Joseph's RC Primary School near to the River Wharfe. The town formed an important crossing point of the River Wharfe and was an administrative centre in the wapentake of Skyrack in the early medieval period, and this importance continued with its being the seat of the Mid-Wharfedale Urban District council up until the local council reorganisation of 1974.
The first church was built there in the early 7th century. In All Saints Parish Church there are the remains of two Early Anglo-Saxon crosses, one of which has been reproduced for the town's war memorial. Buried there is an ancestor of the 19th century American poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow, and the grandparents of Thomas Fairfax who commanded Parliament's forces at the Battle of Marston Moor in 1644. In the graveyard of the parish church lies there is also a monument to those killed during the construction of the nearby Bramhope tunnel.
Otley is a market town and has held a regular market for over a thousand years. Market days are Tuesday, Friday and Saturday, and there is also a Farmers' Market on the last Sunday of every month. Documented history for the market begins in 1222 when King Henry III granted the first Royal Charter. Cattle markets are still held at the Wharfedale Farmers' Auction Mart on East Chevin Road although the Bridge End Auction Mart closed a number of years ago and has now been demolished.
Thomas Chippendale, the famous furniture maker, was born at Farnley near Otley, and his statue stands in the town next to the old Prince Henry's Grammar School in Manor Square that he once attended. The current site of Prince Henry's Grammar School is in Farnley Lane.
J.M.W. Turner, the famed painter, visited Otley in 1797, aged 22, when commissioned to paint watercolours of the area. He was so attracted to Otley and the surrounding area that he returned time and time again. His friendship with Walter Ramsden Fawkes made him a regular visitor to Farnley Hall, two miles from Otley. The stormy backdrop of Hannibal Crossing The Alps is reputed to have been inspired by a storm over Otley's Chevin while Turner was staying at Farnley Hall.
The Wharfedale Printing Machine was developed in Otley by William Dawson and William Payne. An early example can be seen in Otley Museum.
Famous Methodist preacher John Wesley was a frequent visitor to the town in the 18th century. Famously his horse died in the town and is buried in the grounds of the parish church. Its grave is marked by an unusual toblerone-shaped stone, also known locally as the "Donkey Stone". In his Journal for 1761 we read, "July 6 Monday; In the evening I preached at Otley and afterwards talked with many of the Society. There is reason to believe that ten or twelve of these are filled with the love of God." One of the main streets in Otley (Wesley Street) is still named after him.
[edit] Cultural Life
For its size, Otley boasts a diverse range of cultural organisiations. It is unusual in that it has five active Morris dance groups based in the town. These are:
- Wharfedale Wayzgoose (Border)
- The Buttercross Belles (Ladies Northwest)
- Flash Company (Various)
- Hellz Bellz (Contemporary)
- Appalachian Taps (Appalachian Step)
The town also boasts a number of active drama groups, including Otley Community Players and a thriving arts centre in the former courthouse. There is also a poetry society which attracts members from around the local area and meets in the Black Horse Hotel monthly.
[edit] Transport
The main roads for the town are the A660 to the south east, which connects Otley to Bramhope, Adel and Leeds city centre, and the A65 to the west, which goes to Ilkley and Skipton. The A6038 heads to Guiseley, Shipley and Bradford, with a brief stint on the A65. To Harrogate, the A659 heads east to the A658, which is the main Bradford-Harrogate road. From the A1, Otley is connected along the A659, and the M1 connects to Leeds via the M621. The M62 connects via Leeds or Bradford.
By bus, Otley is served by the following services:
- X84: Leeds - Bramhope - Otley - Ilkley - Skipton
- 33A: Leeds - Kirkstall - Horsforth - Yeadon - Guiseley - Otley
- 757: Leeds - Leeds Bradford International Airport - Pool - Otley
- 653: Bradford - Shipley - Guiseley - Otley - Pool - Harrogate
These services are operated by either FirstGroup plc Leeds or FirstGroup Bradford. There are also numerous local services connecting the town and outlying areas. Timetables are available from West Yorkshire Metro.
Otley's direct connection to the railway network closed in 1967, however, a regular bus service (967) runs from Menston station, which is on the Wharfedale Line from Leeds, Bradford and Ilkley. Also, the 653 bus service stops at Weeton station on the Harrogate Line from Leeds and Harrogate. Timetables are available from West Yorkshire Metro.
Otley is also close to Leeds Bradford International Airport, and the 757 bus service connects directly to the town.
[edit] Trivia
Otley Market was once mentioned in passing in an episode of the BBC television comedy programme, The League of Gentlemen. The creators studied at the relatively nearby University of Leeds. It was also briefly mentioned in the BBC sitcom Porridge by the character 'Blanco' Webb, played by David Jason.
Otley also plays the town of "Hotton" in the ITV television soap opera Emmerdale, and is also a regular filming spot for ITV's Heartbeat crew. In fact the old Police Station shown in Heartbeat is actually the Otley Courthouse - now an arts centre. See above.
[edit] Education
Otley has a number of primary schools and a secondary school.
[edit] Primary Schools
- Ashfield Primary School
- Otley All Saints Primary School
- The Whartons Primary School
- Westgate Primary School
- St. Joseph's Catholic Primary School
[edit] Secondary School
[edit] Further Education
- Park Lane College Leeds, Otley Centre
[edit] Former Otley Schools
- Thomas Chippendale Primary School
- All Saints CE Primary School
- Otley secondary modern school
- Otley National School
[edit] Sport
Otley has a good range of sports teams. Otley R.U.F.C., whose ground is at Cross Green, currently play in National League One in which they are the last remaining true "club" side. They finished 5th in this league in both the 2003-4 and 2004-5 seasons. In 1979 Cross Green was the site of a famous victory by the North of England against the mighty All Blacks. The Wallabies suffered the same fate in October, 1988. The former England captain Nigel Melville began his career at Otley. The Bath, Gloucester and England rugby footballer Mike Tindall was born in Otley. There is also the Old Otliensians RUFC club, the first team playing in Yorkshire League 4.
Otley also boasts Otley Town Football Club which runs a men's football team and several Junior Teams. They are known for their hard competitive spirit which makes them a hard team to play against. The former Republic of Ireland defender Alan Kernaghan was also born in Otley. The town also has a Sunday League team, Otley Wharfeside AFC[1], who have played in the Wharfedale Triangle Football League since 2000.
