Pale-vented Pigeon

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Pale-vented Pigeon

Scientific classification

Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Aves
Order:	Columbiformes
Family:	Columbidae
Genus:	Patagioenas
Species:	P. cayennensis

Binomial name

Patagioenas cayennensis
(Bonnaterre, 1792)

Synonyms

Columba cayennensis Bonnaterre, 1792

The Pale-vented Pigeon, Patagioenas cayennensis (see Johnson et al. 2001), is a large New World tropical dove. It is a resident breeder from southern Mexico south to Bolivia and northern Argentina and on Tobago and Trinidad, although it is very localised on the latter island. It belongs to a clade of Patagioenas which generally lack iridescent display plumage, although this species has some coppery gloss on the nape (Johnson et al. 2001).

The Pale-vented Pigeon is common at forest edges, riverbanks, and other partially open areas with some trees. It builds a small twig nest in a small tree, and normally lays one white egg.

Its flight is high, fast and direct, with the regular beats and an occasional sharp flick of the wings which are characteristic of pigeons in general. It also has a breeding display with a semi-circular glide down to its original perch. The call is a row of soft kuk kuk croo-ooos; the initial short kuk is characteristic for this group of Patagioenas and altogether, this species' song is intermediate between that of its close relatives the Plain and Red-billed Pigeons (Mahler & Tubaro 2001).

The Pale-vented Pigeon is 30-32cm long and weighs normally 230-250 g. It somewhat resembles a Scaled Pigeon, which has a similar display flight, but of course lacks that species’ scaly appearance. These two large species are the only pigeons which are often seen flying in the open away from forests.

Adult males have a mainly dull purple head, breast and upperpart plumage, with copper glossing on the nape and a whitish throat. The lower back and tail are dark grey and the lower underparts are pale grey. The bill is black and the legs, iris and eyering are red. The female is similar, but duller than the male, and immatures are greyish-brown, very dull, and mainly greyish brown.

The southern race P. c. andersoni has white lower underparts, rather than the pale grey of nominate P. c. cayennensis.

Pale-vented Pigeon feed mainly on small fruits, berries and seed. This is a fairly solitary bird, but may form small flocks at drinking areas.

[edit] References

BirdLife International (2004). Patagioenas cayennensis. 2006 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. IUCN 2006. Retrieved on 11 May 2006. Database entry includes justification for why this species is of least concern

ffrench, Richard; O'Neill, John Patton & Eckelberry, Don R. (1991): A guide to the birds of Trinidad and Tobago (2nd edition). Comstock Publishing, Ithaca, N.Y.. ISBN 0-8014-9792-2

Hilty, Steven L. (2003): Birds of Venezuela. Christopher Helm, London. ISBN 0-7136-6418-5

Johnson, Kevin P.; de Kort, Selvino; Dinwoodey, Karen, Mateman, A. C.; ten Cate, Carel; Lessells, C. M. & Clayton, Dale H. (2001): A molecular phylogeny of the dove genera Streptopelia and Columba. Auk 118(4): 874-887. PDF fulltext

Mahler, Bettina & Tubaro, Pablo L. (2001): Relationship between song characters and morphology in New World pigeons. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 74(4): 533–539. DOI:10.1006/bijl.2001.0596 (HTML abstract)