Staunton, Virginia
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Staunton (IPA: ['stæntn̩] or "STAN-tehn" or "STANT-en") is an independent city within the confines of Augusta County in the commonwealth of Virginia. The population was 23,853 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Augusta CountyGR6. The Bureau of Economic Analysis combines the city of Staunton (along with nearby Waynesboro) with Augusta county for statistical purposes. The city was originally named Augusta Courthouse and was the westernmost courthouse in British North America prior to the American Revolution.[citation needed]
Staunton was founded in 1747, incorporated in 1871, and became an independent city on July 10, 1902.[1] In 1908, Staunton was the first city in the world to adopt a city manager form of government, an outgrowth of the Progressive movement, which has been repeated in many locations since.[1] It is known for being the birthplace of the 28th U.S. President, Woodrow Wilson and the home of Mary Baldwin College, a women's college that features a number of unique programs, including the Virginia Women's Institute for Leadership and the Program for the Exceptionally Gifted. Staunton is also home to the older of the two campuses of the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind. (The newer campus is in Hampton, Virginia.)
Staunton has a sister city, Vişeu de Sus, Romania.
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[edit] Geography
Staunton is located at (38.15792, -79.07645)GR1.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 51.0 km² (19.7 mi²). None of the area is covered with water. Staunton is located in the Shenandoah Valley in the midst of the Blue Ridge Mountains chain of the Appalachian Mountains.
[edit] Demographics
As of the censusGR2 of 2000, there were 23,853 people, 9,676 households, and 5,766 families residing in the city. The population density was 467.3/km² (1,210.3/mi²). There were 10,427 housing units at an average density of 204.3/km² (529.1/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 83.29% White, 13.95% Black or African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.46% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.52% from other races, and 1.55% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.11% of the population.
There were 9,676 households out of which 24.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 44.4% were married couples living together, 11.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 40.4% were non-families. 34.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.19 and the average family size was 2.81.
In the city the population was spread out with 19.8% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 27.8% from 25 to 44, 24.1% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 40 years. For every 100 females there were 89.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $32,941, and the median income for a family was $44,422. Males had a median income of $30,153 versus $22,079 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,161. About 7.7% of families and 11.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 15.9% of those under age 18 and 10.7% of those age 65 or over.
[edit] Tourism
Tourism is one of Staunton's highest appeals. It is home to Blackfriars Playhouse, the only existing replica of Shakespeare's Blackfriars Theatre. The Woodrow Wilson Presidential Library is open for visitors, as well as the Museum of American Frontier Culture, an insider's look at life in early America. Often called the "Queen City" of the Shenandoah Valley, Staunton has five separate historic districts.
Staunton is also the official home of country music legends the Statler Brothers who, until 1994, provided free concerts at the annual Fourth of July celebration with guest hosts that included many of the greats of country music. The city is where Statlers Don Reid, Harold Reid, and Phil Balsley grew up and still make their home.
Staunton is home to the Staunton Braves of the Valley Baseball League. The city also boasts a number of antique shops, boutiques, and restaurants.
[edit] Architecture
Staunton is the home of over 200 buildings designed by T.J. Collins, an architect who worked in various styles during the Victorian era.[2]
[edit] Rail transportation
Amtrak, the national passenger rail service, provides service to Staunton. Amtrak Train 51, the westbound Cardinal, and Amtrak Train 50, the eastbound Cardinal, serve Staunton's downtown train station.
[edit] Film
The city maintains strict building codes in the historic downtown area so that the area can be used for period films. This effort included an enormous project in the 1990s known locally as The Big Dig in which all of the modern utilities were put underground, out of sight. The historic downtown area of Staunton and Sherwood Avenue were used in the American Civil War film Gods and Generals. The local Shenandoah Valley Railroad as well as a number of nearby houses were used in filming of Hearts in Atlantis. In the summer of 2006, some scenes for the movie Evan Almighty were also filmed in Staunton.
[edit] Medicine
Staunton is home to two medical facilities:
- Commonwealth Center for Children and Adolescents (formerly the DeJarnette Center) psychiatric facility
- Western State Hospital (Virginia) psychiatric facility
[edit] Education
Staunton is home to numerous education facilities:
- the Staunton campus of the Virginia School for the Deaf and Blind, the older of the two Virginia campuses
- Mary Baldwin College (dormitories for women, commuter for coed)
- Stuart Hall School prep school (boarding for girls, dayschool for coed)
- Robert E. Lee High School the city's public high school
- Guardian Angel Regional Catholic School coed Catholic school
- Grace Christian School coed Christian school
- Shelburne Middle School the city's public middle school
Education in Staunton was noteworthy in 2005, as the local board of education debated whether to continue classes in Weekday Religious Education. This agenda item was contentious due to the issue of Separation of church and state in the United States, and was discussed in the national and international media.[3]
[edit] Western State campus
Staunton is also home to the former Western State Lunatic Asylum, a hospital for the mentally ill, which originally began operations in 1828. The hospital was renamed Western State Hospital in 1894. As originally The facility was infamous for its practices of eugenics during the 1930s under then-director Joseph DeJarnette.
In its early days, the facility was a resort-style asylum. It had terraced gardens where patients could plant flowers and take walks, roof walks to provide mountain views, and many architectural details to create an atmosphere that would aid in the healing process.
Western State vacated the property in the 1970s when the hospital moved to its present site near Interstate 81. The facility was then converted to the Staunton Correctional Center, a medium-security men's penitentiary. The prison closed in 2003, and the site was left vacant for several years.
The site is now in the process of being redeveloped into a mixed-use development, with many of the existing buildings being renovated for new uses, as well as construction of new structures. The development team consists of Frazier and Associates of Staunton, Folsom Group of Charlottesville, Miller & Associates of Richmond, and The Arcadia Land Company of Wayne, Pennsylvania. [2]
[edit] Notable residents
- Woodrow Wilson, born in Staunton, 28th President of the United States
- Dave Fultz, born in Staunton, major league baseball player[4]
- Larry Sheets, Major League Baseball player primarily with the Baltimore Orioles
- Joseph DeJarnette, lived in Staunton, notable mid-20th century psychiatrist and eugenicist
- Members of the renowned country vocal group the Statler Brothers grew up and reside in Staunton.
- William Haines, born in Staunton in 1900, MGM film actor and interior designer.
[edit] See also
- The News Leader, Staunton's local newspaper
[edit] References
- ^ Virginia: Individual County and Independent City Chronologies (English). Retrieved on 2006-12-26.
- ^ "Eye candy: Staunton cures visual blues", Hook weekly, 2006-01-05. Retrieved on 2006-12-13.
- ^ Lithwick, Dahlia. Bible Belt Upside the Head. Slate, February 16, 2005. Accessed July 27, 2006.
- ^ [1969] (1979) in Reichler, Joseph L.: Baseball Encyclopedia Complete and Official Record, 4th edition, New York: Macmillan Publishing. ISBN 0-02-578970-8.
[edit] External links
- Staunton City Government
- Staunton City Schools
- Staunton Heritage Photograph Series
- American Shakespeare Center, operators of Blackfriars Playhouse
- Shenandoah Valley Web
- Maps and aerial photos
- Street map from Google Maps, or Yahoo! Maps, or Windows Live Local
- Satellite image from Google Maps, Windows Live Local, WikiMapia
- Topographic map from TopoZone
- Aerial image or topographic map from TerraServer-USA
