Thermal velocity
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The Thermal velocity is the speed at which a particular particle species happens to travel at a given temperature (Note that, in the strictest sense this means that thermal velocity is not a velocity at all, since velocity usually describes a vector rather than simply a scalar speed). Temperature is understood to be related to random kinetic energy of the individual particles (molecules, atoms, ions, and/or other elementary particles) that make up a material. The average amount of kinetic energy per particle is linearly related to the temperature via the Boltzmann relation. If the mass of each particle is known, then its average speed may be calculated using the kinetic energy formula
- Ek = 1 / 2 * mv2 or, alternatively,
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