Ultrasonic bath
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Ultrasonic baths have different applications in laboratories. Depending upon the type of vibrations produced within they can be used for cleaning of samples, mixing, etc. An typical application of an ultrasonic bath is for mixing liquid chemicals. A flask or test tube is partially immersed in a small tub of water. Ultrasonic vibrations are then sent through the water, and ice may be added to keep the apparatus from overheating. If everything has been set up properly, the chemicals are gradually mixed by the ultrasonic vibrations to form a colloid.
Ultrasonic baths are also used to experimentally determine the elastic constants of many anisotropic materials. Traditionally, ultrasonic waves can only be sent through a material at angles normal to the materials surface. However, in water the angle of incidence for a longidunal wave can be set, inducing both longitudinal and transverse waves in the material. Then by measuring the time of flight for both waves, the elastic constants can be determined.
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