Yamaha TX81Z

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TX81Z by Yamaha
Synthesis type:		Frequency modulation
Polyphony:		8
Oscillators:		4 operators per voice 8 waveforms
Multitimbral:		8
LFO:		2 in performance as well as dedicated vibrato(multitimbral) mode 1 in single voice mode assignable to pitch or amplitude
Velocity sensitive:		yes
Aftertouch:		no
External control:		MIDI
Memory:		128 factory patches 32 user patches 24 user performances
Onboard effects:		Pseudo-reverb for each voice
Produced:		1986

The Yamaha TX81Z is a rack-mounted (keyboard-less) frequency modulation music synthesizer, which was released in 1986. Unlike previous FM synthesizers of the era, the TX81Z was the first to employ oscillator waveforms other than sine, in order to achieve its unique, grating timbre. Further adding to its grungy texture are 12 bit digital-to-analog converters and a somewhat low sampling rate that adds often prominent aliasing, especially to high pitched sounds.

The unit was multitimbral, and had 128 ROM slots, and 32 RAM slots, however, these were rarely utilized due to the quality of the original patches. Among the presets is the famous LatelyBass, one of the most popular presets in synthesizer history. Producer Babyface at one point had two units in his studio, both of which he kept set to the preset, one detuned from the other. This expanded version of the preset became a part of his signature sound.

TX 81Z examples (file info) — play in browser (beta)
- The many faces of the TX81Z
- Problems listening to the file? See media help.

Some say the prevalence of the TX81Z's presets was also because of the difficulty in creating new patches. Creating new sounds from the unit's front panel is possible, but numerous nested parameters must be navigated by way of 11 buttons and a backlit 16 character, 2-line LCD. However, several personal computer-based editing applications have been developed since its release.

The TX81Z was released as a low-cost FM machine and has always been relatively inexpensive compared to most other FM synthesizers. For this reason, it became popular with many producers on a tight budget, and is still used by part-time house and acid house producers. Units are still fairly common and can often be found at pawn shops, secondhand music retailers, and internet auction websites.

The TX81Z is backwards-compatible with sound patches developed for Yamaha's DX21, DX27, DX100, and FB01 synthesizers. It is also very similar to the DX11 synthesizer, which is essentially a TX81Z with a velocity and pressure-sensing keyboard, and a pitch envelope.