Zaparoan languages

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Zaparoan (also Sáparoan, Záparo, Zaparoano, Zaparoana) is an endangered language family of Peru and Ecuador with less than 700 speakers.

1 Family division
2 Genetic relations
3 External links
4 Bibliography

[edit] Family division

Zaparoan consists of 5 languages:

I. Záparo group

1. Záparo-Conambo (a.k.a. Zápara, Kayapwe, Káyapwɨ, Káyapwi)

Záparo (a.k.a. Sáparo)
Conambo (a.k.a. Konambo)

2. Arabela (a.k.a. Simikai, Shimigae, Semigae, Gaye, Gae)

3. Andoa (a.k.a. Chiripuno, Chiripunu)

II. Ikito-Kawarano

4. Iquito (a.k.a. Akenóini, Iquita, Amacacore, Hamacore, Quiturran, Puca-Uma, Ikito)

5. Cahuarano (a.k.a. Kawarano, Kawaráːn)

The Andoa variety is now extinct. All languages are severely endangered.

Kaufman (1994) notes that Tovar (1984) includes the unclassified Taushiro under Zaparoan following the tentative opinion of SSILA.

Stark (1985) includes the extinct Aushiri (not to be confused with Huaorani which is also known as Aushiri) and Omurano under Zaparoan. Gordon (2005) follows Stark.

Gordon (2005) and Adelaar (2004) recognize Arabela, Andoa, Iquito, and Cahuarano as 4 separate languages (although they do not do so for Záparo-Conambo).

[edit] Genetic relations

Payne (1984) and Kaufman (1994) suggest a relationship with the Yaguan family in a Sáparo-Yáwan stock, contrary to Greenberg's (1987) classification.

Swadesh (1954) also groups Zaparoan with Yaguan within his Zaparo-Peba phylum.

Greenberg (1987) places Zaparoan together with the Cahuapanan family into a Kahuapana-Zaparo grouping within his larger Andean phylum.

[edit] External links

[edit] Bibliography

Adelaar, Willem F. H.; & Muysken, Pieter C. (2004). The languages of the Andes. Cambridge language surveys. Cambridge University Press.
Campbell, Lyle. (1997). American Indian languages: The historical linguistics of Native America. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-509427-1.
Gordon, Raymond G., Jr. (Ed.). (2005). Ethnologue: Languages of the world (15th ed.). Dallas, TX: SIL International. ISBN 1-55671-159-X. (Online version: http://www.ethnologue.com).
Greenberg, Joseph H. (1987). Language in the Americas. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Kaufman, Terrence. (1990). Language history in South America: What we know and how to know more. In D. L. Payne (Ed.), Amazonian linguistics: Studies in lowland South American languages (pp. 13-67). Austin: University of Texas Press. ISBN 0-292-70414-3.
Kaufman, Terrence. (1994). The native languages of South America. In C. Mosley & R. E. Asher (Eds.), Atlas of the world's languages (pp. 46-76). London: Routledge.
Payne, Doris. (1984). Evidence for a Yaguan-Zaparoan connection. In D. Derbyshire (Ed.), SIL working papers: University of North Dakota session (Vol. 28; pp. 131-156).
Stark, Louisa R. (1985). Indigenous languages of lowland Ecuador: History and current status. In H. E. M. Klein & L. R. Stark (Eds.), South American Indian languages: Retrospect and prospect (pp. 157-193). Austin: University of Texas Press.
Suárez, Jorge. (1974). South American Indian languages. In Encyclopaedia Britannica (15th ed., Vol. 17, pp. 105-112).
Swadesh, Morris. (1959). Mapas de clasificación lingüística de México y las Américas. México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México.
Tovar, Antonio; & Larrucea de Tovar, Consuelo. (1984). Catálogo de las lenguas de América de Sur (nueva edición). Madrid: Gredos.