Zond 6
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| Organization: | Soviet Union |
| Major contractors: | NPO Energia Company |
| Mission type: | Planetary Science |
| Launch: | November 10, 1968 at 19:11:00 [GMT] |
| Launch vehicle: | Proton 8K82K / 11S824 |
| Mission highlight: | Fly-by of Moon on November 14, 1968 at distance of 2,420km |
| Mission duration: | 5.79 days |
| Mass: | 5375 kg |
| NSSDC ID: | n/a |
| Webpage: | [1] |
| Orbital elements | |
|---|---|
| Satellite of: | Moon |
| Semimajor axis: | n/a |
| Eccentricity: | n/a |
| Inclination: | 51.5° |
| Orbital period: | 500 d |
| Apoastron: | 400,000 kms |
| Periastron: | 120 kms |
| Orbits: | n/a |
| Lunar Landing: | n/a |
| Landing coordinates: |
n/a |
| Lunar liftoff: | n/a |
| Instruments | |
| n/a | |
Zond 6, a member of the Soviet Union's Zond program, was launched on a lunar flyby mission from a parent satellite (68-101B) in Earth parking orbit. The spacecraft, which carried scientific probes including cosmic ray and micrometeoroid detectors, photography equipment, and a biological payload, was a precursor to a manned circumlunar flight which the Soviets hoped could occur in December of 1968, beating the American Apollo 8.
Zond 6 flew around the moon on November 14, 1968, at a minimum distance of 2420 km. Photographs of the lunar near side and far side were obtained with panchromatic film. Each photo was 5 in by 7 in (127.0 by 177.8 mm). Some of the views allowed for stereo pictures. The photos were taken from distances of approximately 11,000 km and 3300 km. Controlled reentry of the spacecraft occurred on November 17, 1968, and Zond 6 landed in a predetermined region of the Soviet Union.
Zond 6 used a relatively uncommon technique called "skip reentry" to shed velocity upon returning to Earth. A few hours before reentry, a faulty rubber gasket caused the cabin to depressurise, killing all living specimens. Zond 6's parachutes also deployed too early and it crashed on Soviet soil. Only one negative was recovered from the camera container and a small victory obtained over the Americans. For propaganda reasons, the Soviets claimed the flight was a success, but they were not able to launch a manned flight to the Moon before Apollo 8. A State Commission investigating the crash later determined that the coronal discharge effect which caused the parachute to jettison would only occur at the 25 mm capsule pressure. If the capsule had been completely depressurised to a high vacuum, the accident would not have occurred.
Zond 6 was the cover name for 7K-L1 s/n 12. It was supposed to photograph the moon in colour and black and white from 8000 km and 2600 km ranges, then return to earth, landing at Tyuratam only 16 km from the launch pad. It had been a long and difficult road to develop the L1 guidance system, but it worked perfectly that time.
- Launch Date/Time: 1968-11-10 at 19:11:31 UTC
- On-orbit dry mass: 5375 kg
| Preceded by Zond 5 |
Zond program | Succeeded by Zond 1969A |
| Zond program |  |
|---|---|
| Zond Probes: Zond 1 | Zond 1964A | Zond 2 | Zond 3 | Zond1967A | Zond 1967B | Zond 4 | Zond 1968A | |
| Lunar "Soyuz": Zond 5 | Zond 6 | Zond 1969A | Zond L1S-1 | Zond L1S-2 | Zond 7 | Zond 8 |
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| Soyuz missions | Soyuz 1, Soyuz 2, Soyuz 3, Soyuz 4, Soyuz 5, Soyuz 6, Soyuz 7, Soyuz 8 |  |
| Zond (Soyuz 7K-L1) Lunar missions | Zond 5, Zond 6, Zond 1969A, Zond L1S-1, Zond L1S-2, Zond 7, Zond 8 | |
| LK Lander test missions | Cosmos 379, Cosmos 398 and Cosmos 434 | |
| Hardware | N1 rocket, L3, LOK Command Ship, LK Lander, Zond, Soyuz | |
This article was originally based on material from NASA (NSSDC) information on Zond 6 [2]
