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aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu

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Khí-khún-pan

Wikipedia (chū-iû ê pek-kho-choân-su) beh kā lí kóng...

Khí-khún-pan (齒菌斑, dental microbial plaque) sī ū cho·-chit, ū nńg-sèng, n̂g-sek he̍k phú-á-sek ê bu̍t-chit, i liâm tiàm chhùi-khí piáu-bīn liâm liáu chiâⁿ ân. I sī chhùi-nōa ê thn̂g-nn̄g-pe̍h (醣蛋白, glycoproteins) kap sè-pau gōa-piáu ê to-thn̂g-lūi (多醣類, polysaccharides) só· cho·-sêng ê ki-chit (基質, matrix) pau-koah glucans (chhin-chhiūⁿ dextrans, mutans) kap fructans (khó-pí kóng levan) ka-siōng sè-khún só· lâi cho·-sêng. Chit-ê ki-chit sú-tit lán bē-tàng kan-tāⁿ kò lo̍k-chhùi to̍h beh kā khí-khún-pan lo̍k tiāu, pit-su ài kò khí-bín-á he̍k kî-thaⁿ kháu-khiuⁿ ōe-seng kang-kū ê ki-hâi le̍k-liōng chiah ē-tàng tû-tiāu.

[siu-kái] Lúi-chek kap sêng-hūn ián-piàn

Chhùi-khí sé chheng-khì liáu-aū sò· hun-cheng kàu sò· tiám-cheng chi-lāi, tio̍h ē hō· chhùi-nōa ê thn̂g-nn̄g-pe̍h só· cho·-sêng chiâⁿ po̍h (0.1-0.8 µm) ê pellicle lâi khàm--khí-lâi. Tī 24 tiám-cheng chi-lāi, tiàm pellicle téng-koân khí-chho· ê Gram-iông-sèng sè-khún (chhin-chhiūⁿ Streptococcus kap Actinomyces-lūi) khai-sí kiàn-li̍p. Chit-sî pellicle ka-siōng sè-khún kap kî-thaⁿ sêng-hūn tio̍h piàn-sêng khí-khún-pan. Tī soah--lo̍h-khì kúi-kang, khí-khún-pan ê sè-khún sò·-liōng kè-siok chēng-ka, Gram-im-sèng ê cocci kap Gram-iông-sèng chham Gram-im-sèng ê rods ham filaments lóng-ū--á. 3 lé-pài liáu-āu, filamentous organisms ū bêng-hián ê chēng-ka, iû-kî sī tī khí-hōaⁿ ê piⁿ--á. Khí-khún-pan ê sè-khún ê tāi-siā sán-bu̍t ē chhiok-chìn siok-chú (宿主) cho·-chit ê sìm-chhut chok-iōng (滲出作用, exudation) kap PMN (多形細胞核顆粒球,polymorphonuclear granulocytes) ê chhian-î. Che sī khí-hōaⁿ siūⁿ-beh ûi-tó· ji̍p-chhim ê sè-khún ê hoat-iām hoán-èng. Khí-hōaⁿ hoat-iām ná-lâi ná giâm-tiōng, chiap-ha̍p siōng-phôe (接合上皮, juntional epithelium) sòng-sit pō·-hūn ê nn̂g-sèng, sú-tit sè-khún ē-tàng chhim-ji̍p chhùi-khí kap siōng-phôe chi-kan. Gê-gîn lak-tē-á (牙齦囊袋, gingival pocket) chôaⁿ lâi hêng-sêng.

[siu-kái] Iú-lī khí-khún-pan tui-chi̍p ê siâng-kìⁿ in-sò·

  • Khí-hōaⁿ-téng kap khí-hōaⁿ-té khí-tái (齒滓, 齒石, 牙結石; calculus) chho·-chho· ê piáu-bīn gâu khā sè-khún.
  • Khí-kut-chit khí-iū-chit kau-kài (齒骨質牙釉質交界; cementoenamel junction) mā siâng-chāi ū khah chho· ê só·-chāi, pau-koah khí-iū-chit thūt-chhut(projections) kap khí-iū-chit chu(pearls)
  • Chhùi-khí ê li̍h-phāng kap hoat-io̍k kau (fissures and grooves) : lap--lo̍h-khì ê só·-chāi gâu khā thái-ko.
  • Khí-kún-pō· kap khí-kin chiù-khí (齒頸部佮齒根蛀齒; cervical and root caries): Chiù-khang sī tûn-chek toa-liōng khí-khún-pan ê chúi-khò·.
  • Chhùi-khí pâi-lia̍t bô chéng-chê (crowding) khah pháiⁿ sé-chhùi kap chū-chheng (自清, self-cleaning), cheng-ka gê-khún-pan ê tûn-chek.
  • Iōng chhùi chhoán-khùi (mouth breathing) ín-khí kháu-khiuⁿ thoat-chúi, sú-tit khí-khún-pan kēng-ka jūn kap liâm. Chhùi-nōa ê pó-hō· kong-lêng kàng-kē.

[siu-kái] Iú-lī khí-khún-pan tui-chi̍p ê i-goân-sèng (iatrogenic) in-sò·

  • Chhiong-thiām-bu̍t (充填物,filling)
  • Siu-ho̍k-thé (restorations) kap khí-lông (crowns) ê gōa-hiân pian-iân (overhanging margins).
Static Wikipedia 2008 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2007 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - en - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu -

Static Wikipedia 2006 (no images)

aa - ab - af - ak - als - am - an - ang - ar - arc - as - ast - av - ay - az - ba - bar - bat_smg - bcl - be - be_x_old - bg - bh - bi - bm - bn - bo - bpy - br - bs - bug - bxr - ca - cbk_zam - cdo - ce - ceb - ch - cho - chr - chy - co - cr - crh - cs - csb - cu - cv - cy - da - de - diq - dsb - dv - dz - ee - el - eml - eo - es - et - eu - ext - fa - ff - fi - fiu_vro - fj - fo - fr - frp - fur - fy - ga - gan - gd - gl - glk - gn - got - gu - gv - ha - hak - haw - he - hi - hif - ho - hr - hsb - ht - hu - hy - hz - ia - id - ie - ig - ii - ik - ilo - io - is - it - iu - ja - jbo - jv - ka - kaa - kab - kg - ki - kj - kk - kl - km - kn - ko - kr - ks - ksh - ku - kv - kw - ky - la - lad - lb - lbe - lg - li - lij - lmo - ln - lo - lt - lv - map_bms - mdf - mg - mh - mi - mk - ml - mn - mo - mr - mt - mus - my - myv - mzn - na - nah - nap - nds - nds_nl - ne - new - ng - nl - nn - no - nov - nrm - nv - ny - oc - om - or - os - pa - pag - pam - pap - pdc - pi - pih - pl - pms - ps - pt - qu - quality - rm - rmy - rn - ro - roa_rup - roa_tara - ru - rw - sa - sah - sc - scn - sco - sd - se - sg - sh - si - simple - sk - sl - sm - sn - so - sr - srn - ss - st - stq - su - sv - sw - szl - ta - te - tet - tg - th - ti - tk - tl - tlh - tn - to - tpi - tr - ts - tt - tum - tw - ty - udm - ug - uk - ur - uz - ve - vec - vi - vls - vo - wa - war - wo - wuu - xal - xh - yi - yo - za - zea - zh - zh_classical - zh_min_nan - zh_yue - zu