490s BC
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| Centuries: | 6th century BC - 5th century BC - 4th century BC |
| Decades: | 520s BC 510s BC 500s BC - 490s BC - 480s BC 470s BC 460s BC |
| Years: | 493 BC 492 BC 491 BC - 490 BC - 489 BC 488 BC 487 BC |
[edit] Events and trends
- 499 BC - Aristagoras, acting on behalf of the Persian Empire, leads a failed attack on the rebellious island of Naxos.
- 499 BC - Aristagoras instigates the Ionic Revolt, beginning the Persian Wars between Greece and Persia.
- 499 BC - Sardis destroyed by Athenian and Ionian troops.
- 498 BC - Leontini subjugated by Hippocrates of Gela.
- 498 BC - Alexander I succeeds his father Amyntas I as king of Macedonia.
- 497 BC - Potidaea is struck by a tsunami.
- 496 BC - Battle of Lake Regillus: A legendary early Roman victory, won over either the Etruscans or the Latins.
- 496 BC - King Gon Jian of Yue defeats and banishes King Fucha of Wu, gaining a temporary hegemony in ancient China during the Spring and Autumn Period.
- 495 BC - Temple to Mercury on the Circus Maximus in Rome is built.
- 494 BC - The Battle of Lade, where Persians take back Ionia.
- 494 BC - Two tribunes of the plebs and two plebeian aediles are elected for the first time in Rome: the office of the tribunate is established.
- 494 BC - The year Rome changed from an Aristocratic Republic to a Liberalized Republic.
- 493 BC - Piraeus, the port town of Athens, is founded.
- 493 BC - Coriolanus captures the Volscian town of Corioli for Rome.
- 492 BC - First expedition of King Darius I of Persia against Greece, under the leadership of his son-in-law Mardonius. This marks the start of the campaign which culminated in the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.
- 491 BC - Leotychidas II succeeds his cousin Demaratus as king of Sparta.
- 491 BC - Gelo becomes Tyrant of Gela.
- September 12, 490 BC - The Battle of Marathon, where Darius I of Persia is defeated by the Greeks under Miltiades.
- 490 BC - Phidippides runs 40 kilometers from Marathon to Athens to announce the news of the Greek victory; origin of the marathon long-distance race.
- 490 BC - 480 BC - Foundry Painter makes a bronze foundry, red-figure decoration on a kylix from Vulci, Italy. It is now at Staatliche Museen zu Berlin, Preussischer Kulturbesitz, Antikensammlung.
[edit] Births
- 496 BC - Sophocles, Athenian dramatist and statesman.
- 495 BC - Pericles, Athenian politician (+ 429 BC).
- 495 BC - Zeno of Elea, Greek philosopher (+ circa 430 BC) (estimated date).
- 490 BC - Empedocles, Greek philosopher (+ circa 430 BC) (estimated date).
- 490 BC - Phidias, Greek sculptor (+ circa 430 BC) (estimated date).
- 490 BC - Zeno of Elea, Greek philosopher (+ circa 430 BC) (estimated date).
[edit] Deaths
- 498 BC - Amyntas I, king of Macedonia.
- 496 BC - Pythagoras, Greek philosopher and mathematician.
- 496 BC - Sun Tzu, military philosopher and author of The Art of War (most likely a colloquial date).
- 491 BC - Hippocrates, Tyrant of Gela.
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