Ambras Castle
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The Ambras Castle (German: Schloss Ambras) is located in Innsbruck, Austria.
Situated in the hills above Innsbruck the Castle of Ambras is one of the most important sights of the city. Its cultural-historical importance is closely connected with Archduke Ferdinand II
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[edit] History
Goes back to the times of Archduke Ferdinand II, the second son of Emperor Ferdinand I. When he was made new provincial sovereign of the Tyrol in 1563, he ordered two Italian architects to turn the existing medieval fortress into a Renaissance castle for his untitled wife Philippine Welser.
[edit] The Collections
Ferdinand II was one of the most important patrons of the Habsburg family. He founded the magnificent collections of Ambras and had a museum built for them in the rooms of the "Lower Castle", wich was constructed according to the most advanced ideas of his time. The three armouries and the chamber of art and curiosities were designed and used as a museum from the beginning.
[edit] The Chamber of Art and Curiosities
The chamber of art and curiosities of Archduke Ferdinand II is the only one which can still be seen in its original place. Others had been plundered like the ones in Munich, Prague or Stuttgart, or their character had been changed like in Dresden or Kassel.
In the chamber of art and curiosities at Ambras Castle wonders as well as precious objects, scientific items or toys are to be seen. In contents the natural and artistic objects represent the programme of the late Renaissance encyclopedic collections. The special thing about the Ambras-collections is, that they are still where they were ment to be seen. Still you can find corals arranged in cabinett-boxes, turnery made of wood or ivory, glass figures, or porcelain and silkpaintings which belong to the oldest European collections of Asian art. Also important works of European artists, like the carved "little death" made of wood by Hans Leinberger can be found, as well as typical "chamber of art and curiosity – objects" like handstones, goblets made of rhinoceros horn, coconut or rock crystal, animals made of bronce, music- and measuring instruments, automats and clocks. A very important part of the collection were portraits of curious persons like the hairy people, count Dracula and others.
[edit] The Armouries
Ferdinand was mostly interested in his armouries. The "Rüstkammer" contain very rare examples of armours from the 15th century which originally came from the collections of Emperor Maximilian I and Archduke Sigismund. Armours for tournaments like the German joust or the German course, and the armour of the court’s giant Bartlmä Bon, who took part in the tournament in Vienna in 1560, can be seen. The "Heldenrüstkammer" displays armours of famous commanders in original 16th century showcases. The "Leibrüstkammer" includes the archduke’s private armours and the armours of the court of Innsbruck.
[edit] The Spanish Hall
The Spanish Hall, built between 1569-1572, is one of the most important freestanding halls of the Renaissance. The picturesque lay-out of the 43 m long hall is dominated by the 27 full-length portraits of the princely rulers of the Tyrol. Today rather famous classical concerts take place in this hall.
[edit] The Upper Castle
The Upper Castle, the oldest part of Ambras Castle, contains the "Habsburg Portrait Gallery". About 300 portraits from the 15th to the 19th century, from the epochs of King Albrecht II., Emperor Maximilian I., Charles V. and Ferdinand I., to the last emperor of the "Holy Roman Empire," Franz II., a contemporary of Napoleon Bonaparte, can be seen. Because of the various dynastic relations the collection also shows members of other European dynasties. The portraits were painted by very well-known artists such as Lucas Cranach, Anton Mor, Titian, van Dyck and Diego Velásquez.
Ambras castle is preserved as a total work of art of the 16th century. Its chamber of art and curiosities is the only one which is still at its original place and illustrates the big interest in princely representation and collecting.
