Andre Dubus

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Andre Dubus (August 11, 1936 - February 24, 1999) was an American short story writer, essayist, and autobiographer.

[edit] Biography

Andre Dubus was born in Lake Charles, Louisiana, the youngest child of a Cajun-Irish Catholic family. His surname name is pronounced "Duh--byoose" with the accent on the second syllable to rhyme with "muse." Dubus grew up in the Bayou country in Lafayette, Louisiana and was educated by the Christian Brothers, a Catholic parochial school that emphasized literature and writing. Dubus graduated from nearby McNeese State College in 1958 as a journalism and English major. Dubus then spent six years in the Marine Corps rising to the rank of captain, at which time he married for the first time and began his family. After leaving the Marine Corps, Dubus moved with his wife and four children to Iowa City, where he later graduated from the University of Iowa's Iowa Writers' Workshop with an MFA in creative writing.

After receiving his MFA, Dubus taught briefly in the South, but soon became disgusted by its social conditions and rampant racism. Dubus moved to the northeast and, from 1966 to 1984, taught at Bradford College in Massachusetts. His teaching loads were high, and his salary low, but Dubus needed to support his family and promote his career as a writer, and so he remained there for almost twenty years. In 1984, Dubus experienced chest pains and shortness of breath. Originally diagnosed as a mild heart attack, these symptoms were later recognised as reactions to stress and exhaustion. Dubus resigned from Bradford, and later taught at the University of Alabama and at Boston University.

Andre Dubus's life was scarred by tragedy. His sister was raped as a young woman, causing Dubus many years of paranoia over his loved ones' safety. Dubus carried personal firearms to protect himself and those around him, until the night in the late 1980s, when he almost shot a man in a drunken argument outside a bar in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. In his essay "Giving up the Gun", published in The New Yorker, Dubus describes that night as the point at which he decided to stop arming himself and to take a less defensive - and perhaps less hostile - view of life.

Dubus experienced a personal tragedy late on the night of July 23, 1986, when he was seriously injured in a car accident. He was driving from Boston to his home in Haverhill, Massachusetts and he stopped to assist two disabled motorists--brother and sister Luis and Luz Santiago. As Dubus assisted the injured Luz to the side of the highway, an oncoming car swerved and hit them. Luis was killed instantly; Luz survived because Dubus had pushed her out of the way. Dubus himself was critically injured. As a result of the accident, both Dubus's legs were crushed. His left leg had to be amputated above the knee, and Dubus would eventually lose the use of his right leg. Dubus would spend three painful years undergoing a series of operations, and extensive physical therapy. Despite his efforts to walk with a prosthesis, chronic infections confined him to a wheelchair for the remainder of his life. Dubus continued to battle the physical pains imposed by his condition, and with clinical depression. Over the course of his struggles Dubus's third wife left him, taking their two young daughters.

To help Dubus with his mounting medical bills, his friends and fellow writers, Kurt Vonnegut and John Updike held a special literary benefit. Dubus was extremely grateful, and his appreciation extended to holding workshops and reading sessions for aspiring writers. Under these difficult physical, psychological, and emotional difficulties, Dubus continued to write, and produced two books of essays and a collection of short stories. He also conducted a weekly writer's workshop in his home, meeting with a group of young writers, many of whom were teenage girls in a residential program for abused adolescents.

Dubus also found a deeper religious faith at this time. A practicing Catholic all of his life, Dubus found that the loss of his mobility drew him closer to God and renewed his Catholic faith at a deeper, personal level. His spirituality and his personal relationship with God became an important element of his final years. Those who knew him admired the peace and acceptance he had achieved, as well as his ability to live his life without bitterness or self-pity.

Dubus spent his later years in Haverhill, until his death from a heart attack in 1999. He is buried in Elmwood Cemetery in Bradford, Massachusetts, which is part of Haverhill. He married three times, and fathered six children. His son Andre Dubus III is also an author, whose most noteworthy book is the novel House of Sand and Fog (1999), which was a finalist for the National Book Award and later filmed.

[edit] Writing career

Although he did write one novel, The Lieutenant, in 1967, Dubus considered himself to be and is mainly known as a writer of short fiction. Throughout his career, he published most of his work in small but distinguished literary journals such as Ploughshares and Sewanee Review. He was also loyal to a small publishing firm run by David R. Godine that published his first works. When larger book publishers approached him with more financially-rewarding deals, Dubus stayed with Godine. It was only in the last few years of his life, when his medical bills became substantial, that Dubus switched publishers to Alfred A. Knopf.

Dubus's literary career was extensive. His collections include: Separate Flights (1975), Adultery and Other Choices (1977), Finding a Girl in America (1980), The Times are Never So Bad (1983), Voices from the Moon (1984), The Last Worthless Evening (1986), Selected Stories (1988), Broken Vessels (1991), Dancing After Hours (1996), and Meditations from a Movable Chair (1998). His writing awards include the PEN/Malamud, the Rea Award for excellence in short fiction, the Jean Stein Award from the American Academy of Arts and Letters, and fellowships from the Guggenheim and MacArthur Foundations. Several writing awards are named after Dubus. His literary papers are archived at McNeese State University and Xavier University in Louisiana.

[edit] Cinematic adaptations

After Andre Dubus' death, his story "Killings" was adapted into the movie In the Bedroom (2001) starring Sissy Spacek; it was nominated for five Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Screenplay Based on Material Previously Published. The 2004 movie, We Don't Live Here Anymore is based upon two of Dubus' short stories: "We Don't Live Here Anymore" and "Adultery."