Armenian resistance (1914-1918)
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- For the coverage of Armenian resistance before Armenian Genocide in Ottoman Empire; Armenian Rebellions.
| Armenian Resistance | |||||
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 Conflicts of 1915 (red stars) |
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| Combatants | |||||
| Ottoman Empire | Armenian Militia of Armenakans (Ramkavars), Hnchakians (Social Democrat Hunchakian Party), and Dashnaktsutiun (Armenian Revolutionary Federation) | ||||
Armenian resistance is the military and political activities of the "Armenian militia" or (Social Democrat Hunchakian Party, Armenakan, Armenian Revolutionary Federation) against the Ottoman Empire during the World War One. Armenian resistance was developed under the shadow of Armenian Genocide.
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[edit] Background
- See also: Armenian Millitia
There are three perceptions of Armenian resistance activities; the first perception is Armenian resistance the Tehcir Law which is perceived as the tool of Armenian Genocide. It is also perceived the rightful activities of the Armenian patriots to defend and build their national freedom, Armenian national liberation movement. Ottoman sources see these actives as the insurgency of the Armenian Millitia against the Ottoman Empire to build an Armenian national state.
| Armenian Genocide |
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| Background |
| Armenians in the Ottoman Empire · Armenian Question · Hamidian Massacres · Zeitun Resistance (1895) · 1896 Ottoman Bank Takeover · Yıldız Attempt · Adana Massacre · Young Turk Revolution |
| The Genocide |
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Armenian notables deported from the Ottoman capital · Tehcir Law · Armenian casualties of deportations · Ottoman Armenian casualties · Labour battalion |
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Major extermination centers: |
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Resistance: |
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Foreign aid and relief: |
| Responsible parties |
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Young Turks: |
| Aftermath |
| Courts-Martial · Operation Nemesis · Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire · Denial of the Genocide
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[edit] Activities before WWI
The activities before Armenian Genocide, is covered under Armenian rebellions.
[edit] The nature of resistance
The Armenian resistance had no anti-Turkish ambition. Extending a hand of friendship of the Armenian nation.
"During Van resistance:" Military Council sent a manifesto to the Turkish people saying that the Armenians were fighting one man, Jedet, and not those who had been their neighbours in the past and would be in the future. Valis might come and go, but the two races must continue to live together and they hoped that after Jevdet went there might be peaceful and friendly relations with them.[1]
[edit] Central task of resistance
Sassouni, a Tashnak, argues that the Armenian national liberation movement's achievement between 1908 to 1914 (pre-genocide period)`was the preparation and organization of nation-wide armed resistance against the Armenians (targets only forces against Armenian Revolutionary Federation), which '(Ottoman Empire's) fundamental aim was to resolve the Armenian question by massacring the Armenian people' [2]
[edit] Activities, 1915
- Zeitun Resistance : The Armenian militia of Hunchaks (Social Democrat Hunchakian Party) of the city Zeitun had resisted on two armed conflicts first between August 30-December 1, 1914 and second on March 25-1915 to the Ottoman Empire.
- Van Resistance : The initial armed resistance occurred between April 19 and May 6, 1915 at the Van and lasted for a period of less than a month. The second big resistance was during the Ottoman advance and the Battle of Van which ended with the arrival of Russian troops on the side of the Armenian forces. The resistance following the uprising and the arrival of Russian army, the latter continued to advance, eventually controlling much of Western Armenia. Armenian volunteer units within the Russian army, as well as Armenian militia, assisted the Russians in governing the region (Aram of Van), as well as in keeping the Ottomans out of it from 1916 to 1918 - nearly three years. With the Russian Revolution, Armenian and Georgian units formed the front line against the advancing Ottoman Army during the Caucasus Campaign.
- Urfa Resistance : In May 27, 1915, hundreds of Armenians were captured by Ottoman authorities in Urfa. The rest sat in a meeting in order to figure a way out of the problem. People thought of many different things, but Mgrdich Yotneghparian and his partisans were some of the few who preferred to fight till death instead of ceding to the enemy.
- Shabin-Karahisar Resistance Armenians resisted for a month (July-August, 1915) current afyonkarahisar until Neshed Pasha leaved Sivas with three regiments and artillery to subdue the Armenians.
[edit] Results
Armenian resistance saved thousands of Armenians.
[edit] Art & Culture
Armenian resistance has left a symbolic dish. The "harissa" was associated with the Armenian resistance. It is generally served to commorate the Musa dagh resistance. Current practice renamed the dish as "hreesi".
