Battle of Wireless Ridge
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| Battle of Wireless Ridge | |||||||
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| Part of Falklands War | |||||||
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| Combatants | |||||||
 United Kingdom |
 Argentina |
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| Commanders | |||||||
| Lt. Col. David Chaundler | Omar Giménez | ||||||
| Strength | |||||||
| 600 | 500 | ||||||
| Casualties | |||||||
| 3 dead, 11 wounded |
25 dead, 125 wounded, 37 POW |
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| Falklands War |
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| Argentinian Invasion–Pebble Island – Seal Cove– Goose Green – Top Malo House – Mount Harriet – Two Sisters – Mount Longdon – Wireless Ridge – Mount Tumbledown |
The Battle of Wireless Ridge was an engagement of the Falklands War which took place on the night of 13 June and 14 June 1982, between British and Argentinian forces during the advance towards the Argentine-occupied capital of the Falklands Stanley. Wireless Ridge was one of seven strategic hills within five miles of Stanley that had to be taken in order for the city to be approached. The attack was successful, and the entire Argentine force on the Islands surrendered later that day.
The British force consisted of 2nd Battalion, The Parachute Regiment, a troop of the Blues & Royals, with two FV101 Scorpion and two FV107 Scimitar light tanks, as well as artillery support from two batteries of 29 Commando Regiment, Royal Artillery and naval gunfire support provided by HMS Ambuscade's 4.5-in gun. The Argentine force consisted of the 7th Infantry Regiment and detachments from other units.
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[edit] Background
After heavy losses during the Battle of Goose Green, including their commander, Lieutenant Colonel Jones, command of 2 Para passed to Lieutenant-Colonel David Chaundler, who was in England at the time of the battle. In an adventure of its own, Chaundler flew to Ascension Island on a Vickers VC-10 and then to the Falklands on a C-130 Hercules that was dropping supplies by parachute. Chaundler jumped out into the sea, where he was picked up by helicopter and eventually delivered to the HMS Hermes for a brief talk with Admiral Woodward and then to Major General Jeremy Moore's headquarters. Four days after Goose Green, Chaundler joined 2nd Para. After debriefing the officers of 2 Para about Goose Green and the events following, he vowed that 2 Para would never again go into action without fire support.
From Fitzroy, 2 Para were moved by helicopter to Bluff Cove Peak where they were held in reserve. The first line of hills, the Two Sisters, Mount Longdon and Mount Harriet, were taken. Following this phase the next three hills would be taken; the Scots Guards taking Mount Tumbledown, the Ghurkhas Mount William and 2 Para Wireless Ridge. The final phase of 3 Commando Brigade's campaign, the battle for Port Stanley, would have been a street-fight but in the end wasn't necessary. On the morning of 13 June it became clear that the attacks on Tumbledown had been successful. 2 Para would now march around the back of Mount Longdon to take up their positions for the assault on Wireless Ridge. As the action was to be concluded quickly, they took only their weapons and as much ammunition as possible, leaving the camp behind. On Bluff Cove Peak, the Battalion's mortars and heavy machine guns were attacked by Argentine A-4 Skyhawks who delayed their planned move forward, although causing no casualties.
[edit] Initial assault
In the closing hours of the 13 June, D Company began the attack, advancing upon an Argentinian occupied hill north-west of Wireless Ridge. It had been hit by an immense barrage from British guns, from land and sea. In the preceding 12 hours, British artillery had fired 6,000 rounds with their 105 mm pieces, and as they began their push, they were further backed by naval fire and the 76 and 30 mm guns mounted on the light tanks. The approximately eighty casualties sustained by the Paras a few weeks earlier at the Battle of Goose Green (including the loss of their commanding officer), had induced them not to take any unnecessary chances the second time around. When D Company reached the hill, they found that the Argentinian C Company of the 7th Infantry Regiment had withdrawn due to the heavy bombardment. As Major Philip Neame's D Company started to consolidate their position, the Argentinian 7th Regiment launched a series of heavy recoilless rifle, rocket and mortar attacks on Mount Longon causing casualties and destruction to the 3rd Parachute Battalion the Parachute Regiment (Jolly, 1983; p. 138).
A and B Companies crossed their start-lines to the north of Wireless Ridge. They met fierce resistance for when they left their trenches they came under heavy machine-gun fire and a massive retaliation was initiated by the British machine-gunners and the guns of the Blues & Royals light tanks.
Sergeant 'Mac' French of 3 Para had a grandstand view on Mount Longdon of the frontal assault by A and B Companies of 2 Para which was initially repulsed by A Company of the 7th Infantry Regiment:
- "They tried going over the top first, but the incoming fire was too heavy so they went back behind the peat and waited for more artillery to soften them up." (McManners, 1994)
The Argentinian defenders there eventually withdrew in the face of such withering fire and A and B Companies took their objective. By this stage of the battle there were not many Argentine officers left. The Forward Artillery Observation Officer (Major Guillermo Nani), the Operations Officer (Captain Carlos Ferreyra) and the A and C Company commanders (Captains Jorge Calvo and Hugo García) and at least three platoon commanders (Lieutenants Antonio Estrada, Jorge Guidobono, Ramon Galíndez-Matienzo) were wounded. C Company then moved down from their northern start line to advance to a position east of Wireless Ridge where they found a platoon position to be unoccupied.
[edit] Final assault
D Company then began the final assault from the western end of Wireless Ridge, under the cover of heavy fire from HMS Ambuscade, tanks, twelve 105 mm artillery guns, several mortar pieces and anti-tank rockets. Earlier the Argentinian general headquarters in Stanley had instructed Major Guillermo Berazay of the Argentinian 3rd Infantry Regiment to conduct a regimental-sized counter-attack. He was told to assemble his A Company of the 3rd Infantry Regiment and the dismounted Panhard AML-H90 squadron as well as B Company of the 25th Special Infantry Regiment, (who were marching from Stanley Airport), at the ruins of Moody Brook. When Berazay arrived at the shattered barracks there was no sign of the company from the 25th Infantry Regiment, but there were about seventy men from Captain Rodrigo Soloaga's cavalry squadron there. They had retreated after making a stand on the western end of Wireless Ridge. Shattered by the weight of fire unleashed on them, they had lost six killed, had nearly fifty wounded and were in disorder after an ineffectual and uncoordinated counter-attack. Major Neame's parachute company took the first half of the obective relatively easily but upon advancing to the second half, came under very fierce attack from Major Berazay's company of conscripts. Private Patricio Pérez, who had just left school, recalled the unnerving experience of 66 mm rockets coming straight at them like undulating fireballs (Bilton and Kosminsky, 1989). He believed he shot a British Paratrooper and became enraged when he heard that his friend Private Horacio Benítez of his platoon had been shot (Paul and Spirit, 2002).
The platoon of 2nd Lieutenant Víctor Rodriguez Pérez of Major Guillermo Berazay's A Company in fact closed with the British 12 Platoon, under the command of Lieutenant Jonathan Page (following the death of Lieutenant Barry at Goose Green), and D Company found itself gradually losing the momentum of the attack as the Argentinian conscripts stoutly stood their newly-won ground.
Major-General John Dutton Frost of the British Army describes the resulting attack on Lieutenant Page's 12 Platoon:
- "For two very long hours the company remained under pressure. Small-arms fire mingled with all types of HE [high explosive rifle-grenades] fell in and around 12 Platoon's position as the men crouched in the abandoned enemy sangars and in shell holes." (Frost, 1983)
But Major Neame's D Company's officers and NCOs rallied the men to capture the final part of their objective and in the face of immense fire, the Argentinians having ran out of ammunition broke and retreated.
The battle was not all over yet. Near the church in Stanley, intent on helping Berazay, Major Carrizo-Salvadores of the Argentinian 7th Regiment, helped by Army chaplain Father José Fernández, assembled about a platoon of the more determined 7th Regiment conscripts, issued each man with a fresh magazine and, with everyone singing the "Malvinas March", led them towards Wireless Ridge from Moody Brook but were stopped by heavy artillery and machine-gun fire. 2 Para had suffered three dead and eleven wounded. The Argentinians suffered approximately twenty-five dead, about 125 wounded (mainly by explosive rounds rather than direct shots) and about fifty were taken prisoner.
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
[edit] References
- Bilton, Michael and Kosminsky, Peter (comp.) (1989). Speaking Out: Untold Stories From The Falklands War. Andre Deutsch Ltd. ISBN 0-233-98404-6.
- Frost, John (1983). 2 Para Falklands - The Battalion At War. Buchan & Enright. ISBN 0-7221-3689-7.
- Jolly, Rick (1983) The red and green life machine : a diary of the Falklands Field Hospital, London: Century, ISBN 0-7126-0158-9
- McManners, Hugh (1994). The Scars Of War. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-586-21129-2.
- Paul, James and Spirit, Martin (2002) Second time around for 2 Para: The Battle for Wireless Ridge, Britain's Small Wars, WWW site, Accessed 19 March 2007
| Falklands War |  |
 |
|---|---|---|
| Military forces | Argentine ground forces | British ground forces | Argentine air forces | British air forces | Argentine naval forces | British naval forces | ||
| Timeline | Background | Invasion | Falklands War | ||
| Battles | Goose Green | Mount Harriet | Two Sisters | Mount Longdon | Mount Tumbledown | Wireless Ridge | ||
| Operations | Algeciras | Canbelow | Corporate | Black Buck | Keyhole | Paraquat | Purple Warrior | Azul (also Rosario) | Sutton | ||
