Bioimpedance

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In biomedical engineering, bioimpedance may be a measure of changes in the electrical conductivity of the thorax or heart. In that case, the measure is sometimes based on pulsatile blood volume changes in the aorta. Bioimpedance is relevant to the development of devices to measure cardiac output and circulating blood volume. Electrical conductivity can vary as a result of breathing. Because of that and other variability, the reliability of bioimpedance for obtaining accurate data has been called into question.

All of the information in this article above came from personal communication (2005) with University of Southern California biomedical engineering lecturer Jean-Michel I. Maarek, Ph.D..

Biological resistivity ρ

tissue	Ω.cm
blood	150
urine	30
muscle	300-1600
lung	1275
fat	2500

International Society For Electrical Bio-Impedance