Biryu
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Biryu | |
|---|---|
| Hangul: |
비류
|
| Hanja: | |
| Revised Romanization: | Biryu |
| McCune-Reischauer: | Piryu |
- For the 11th King of Baekje, see Biryu of Baekje.
Biryu (?–18 BCE) was the first son of Jumong and So Seo-No, and older brother of Onjo, the traditionally recognized founder of Baekje (18 BCE–660 CE). Baekje was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. In an alternate legend, Biryu himself is described as the founder of Baekje.
[edit] The Record of Baekje Founding
The Korean history compilation Samguk Sagi presents two founding legends of Baekje, one crediting Onjo, and an alternate crediting Biryu. The Samguk Sagi relays only Onjo's descendents, not Biryu's, as the royal dynasty of Baekje. However, Biryu's descendents are thought to have maintained enough influence in Baekje for this legend to survive. [1]
Biryu and Onjo were sons of Jumong, the founder of the northernmost of the Three Kingdoms, Goguryeo. When Yuri, Jumong's son from an earlier marriage succeeded Jumong, Biryu and Onjo left Goguryeo.
According to the main account given in the Samguk Sagi, Biryu settled in Michuhol, thought to be today's Incheon, South Korea. [2] However, the location of Michuhol is still disputed among the scholars, and some scholars says that the location of Michuhol is currently the west of Liaodong because the west area of Liaodong is still hard for people to live due to swamp, which is exactly same with the description of Samguk Yusa[3].
Onjo settled in Hanam (meaning "south of the river") Wiryeseong (慰禮城) in or near today's Seoul [4]. However, the location of Hanam Wiryeseong is also disputed whether it was current Seoul or Liaodong because Chinese history book such as the Book of Song describe the location of Baekje as Liaodong and Samguk Sagi says that Baekje had a border with Malgal on the north [5].
When the Michuhol land proved to be inhospitable, Biryu and his people went to Onjo, demanding that he be the King of Shipje. After Onjo refused, Biryu declared war and attacked Hanam, but failed to conquer it and committed suicide. [6] Later, the two groups merged to become Baekje. After that, Baekje had moved its capital city to the south of Hanam Wiryeoseong because Wiryseong was bordered to Malgal on the north and Nangnang on the east [7]
Biryu is also recorded in the Haedong goseungjeon (해동고승전 / 海東高僧傳). A river and a statelet absorbed into Goguryeo shared his name. The 11th king Biryu and the 20th king Biyu of Baekje also apparently took their names from him.
[edit] Notes
- ^ http://kdaq.empas.com/koreandb/history/kpeople/person_view.html?n=6069 http://kr.dic.yahoo.com/search/enc/result.html?pk=14338400&p=%BA%F1%B7%F9&field=id&type=enc http://100.nate.com/EnSrch.asp?kid=14338400
- ^ http://enc.daum.net/dic100/viewContents.do?&m=all&articleID=b10b3024a
- ^ 단국대 사학회, 사학지 제26집. 하북위례성과 하남위례성 (1993)
- ^ http://enc.daum.net/dic100/viewContents.do?&m=all&articleID=b10b3024a http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=81362
- ^ 이도학, 한국 고대사(Ancient History of Korea), 김영사 출간(Publisher:Kimyeongsa) ISBN 89-349-0803-3
- ^ http://100.naver.com/100.nhn?docid=81362
- ^ 송종성, 가야 백제 그리고 일본, 서림재 (2005) ISBN : 89-85290-12-6
