Bismuth chloride
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| Bismuth chloride | |
|---|---|
| IUPAC name | Bismuth chloride |
| Other names | Bismuth trichloride, Trichlorobismuth, Trichlorobismuthine, Bismuth (III) chloride |
| Molecular formula | BiCl3 |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | [] |
| Properties | |
| Molar mass | 315.33 g/mol |
| Appearance | hygroscopic white to yellow crystals |
| Density | 4.56 g/cm³ |
| Melting point |
227 °C |
| Boiling point |
447 °C |
| Solubility in water | Decomposes to BiOCl |
| Solubility in methanol, diethyl ether, acetone | Soluble |
| Hazards | |
| MSDS | [1] |
| Main hazards | Highly toxic, carcinogenic |
| R-phrases | R34 |
| S-phrases | S26, S28, S36 |
| Related Compounds | |
| Other anions | Bismuth subsalicylate, Bismuth trioxide |
| Other cations | iron(III) chloride, manganese(II) chloride, cobalt(II) chloride |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox disclaimer and references |
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Bismuth chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula BiCl3. A common source of the Bi3+ ion, BiCl3 is generated by treating the oxide Bi2O3 with hydrochloric acid. In the gas phase, the species adopts a pyramidal structure, in accord with VSEPR theory. In contrast to the usual expectation by consistent with periodic trends, BiCl3 is Lewis acidic, forming a variety of chloro complexes such as [BiCl6]3- that strongly violates the octet rule. Furthermore the octahedral structure of this complex does not follow the predictions of VSEPR theory. The dianionic complex [BiCl5]2- does however adopt the expected square pyramidal structure.[1]
[edit] Uses
Bismuth chloride is an excellent water soluble crystalline source of bismuth. Its aqueous solution conducts electricity as does the molten material.
[edit] Safety
Bismuth chloride is toxic. See MSDS.
[edit] References
- ^ Holleman, A. F.; Wiberg, E. "Inorganic Chemistry" Academic Press: San Diego, 2001. ISBN 0-12-352651-5.
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