Bone china
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Bone china is type of porcelain body first developed in Britain in which calcined ox bone, bone ash, is a major constituent. It is characterised by high whiteness, translucency and strength. Production usually involves a two stage firing where the first, biscuit, is without a glaze at 1280 °C (2336 °F) gives a translucent product and then glaze, or glost, fired at a lower temperature below 1080 °C (1976 °F).
The first use of bone ash in ceramics is attributed to Thomas Frye in 1748 to make a type of soft-paste porcelain, at his Bow China Works[1]. In the late 18th century, Josiah Spode undertook further developments, and subsequently popularised it, by mixing it with china clay, kaolin and China stone to compete with the imported Oriental porcelain.
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