Calbuco (volcano)
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| Calbuco | |
|---|---|
 Calbuco as seen from Volcán Osorno. |
|
| Elevation | 2,003 metres (6,570 feet) |
| Location | Chile |
| Range | Andes |
| Coordinates | |
| Type | Stratovolcano |
| Age of rock | Pleistocene |
| Last eruption | 1972 |
Calbuco is a stratovolcano in southern Chile, located south of south of Lake Llanquihue in the Los Lagos Region. It is a very explosive andesite volcano that underwent edifice collapse in the late Pleistocene, producing a volcanic debris avalanche that reached the lake.
[edit] Volcanic activity
Calbuco has had at least 9 eruptions since 1837, with the latest one in 1972. One of the largest historical eruptions in southern Chile took place there in 1893-1894. Violent eruptions ejected 30-cm bombs to distances of 8 km from the crater, accompanied by voluminous hot lahars. Strong explosions occurred in April 1917, and a lava dome formed in the crater accompanied by hot lahars. Another short explosive eruption in January 1929 also included an apparent pyroclastic flow and a lava flow. The last major eruption of Calbuco, in 1961, sent ash columns 12-15 km high and produced plumes that dispersed mainly to the SE and two lava flows were also emitted. There was a minor, 4-hour eruption on August 26, 1972. Strong fumarolic emission from the main crater was observed on August 12, 1996.
[edit] References
- González-Ferrán, Oscar (1995). Volcanes de Chile. Santiago, Chile: Instituto Geográfico Militar, 640 pp. ISBN 956-202-054-1. (in Spanish; also includes volcanoes of Argentina, Bolivia, and Peru)
- Global Volcanism Program: Calbuco
- Biggar, John (2005). The Andes: A Guide for Climbers (3rd ed.). Andes Publishing (Scotland), 304 pp. ISBN 0-9536087-2-7.
