Carotid-Cavernous Fistula
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A carotid-cavernous fistula (CCF) is an abnormal communication between the carotid artery and the cavernous sinus. It may result from trauma to the base of the skull or from the rupture of a saccular aneurysm. Symptoms of CCF are conjunctival chemosis, pulsating exophthalmos and a cranial bruit. It is distinguished from a cavernous sinus thrombosis by the rapidity of symptoms. CCFs can be treated by interventional neuroradiologists with selective embolization and detachable balloon occlusion.
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