Cosmos-3M
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| Fact sheet | ||
|---|---|---|
| Function | Orbital carrier rocket | |
| Manufacturer | Yuzhnoye/NPO Polyot | |
| Country of origin | Soviet Union | |
| Size | ||
| Height | 32.4 m (106.2 ft) | |
| Diameter | 2.4 m (7.8 ft) | |
| Mass | 109,000 kg (240,000 lb) | |
| Stages | 2 | |
| Capacity | ||
| Payload to LEO | 1,500 kg (3,300 lb) | |
| Payload to SSO |
775 kg (1,708 lb) | |
| Launch History | ||
| Status | Active | |
| Launch Sites | LC-132, Plesetsk | |
| Total launches | 438 | |
| Successes | 418 | |
| Failures | 20 | |
| Maiden flight | 15 May 1967 | |
| First Stage - R-14U | ||
| Engines | 1 RD-216 | |
| Thrust | 1,486 kN (334,066 lbf) | |
| Specific Impulse | 291 sec | |
| Burn time | 170 seconds | |
| Fuel | IRFNA/UDMH | |
| Second Stage | ||
| Engines | 1 RD-219 | |
| Thrust | 883 kN (198,506 lbf) | |
| Specific Impulse | 293 sec | |
| Burn time | 1620 seconds | |
| Fuel | IRFNA/UDMH | |
The Cosmos-3M (11K65M) (Russian: Космос-3М) is a Russian space launch vehicle. It is a liquid-fueled two-stage rocket, first launched in 1967 and with over 410 successful launches to its name. The Cosmos 3M uses nitrogen tetroxide as an oxidizer to lift roughly 1400 kg of payload into orbit. It differed from the earlier Cosmos 3 in its finer control of the second-stage burn, allowing operators to tune the thrust and even channel it through nozzles that helped orient the rocket for the launching of multiple satellites at one time. PO Polyot has manufactured these launch vehicles in the Russian town of Omsk for decades, though the latest digitally controlled rockets are now officially referred to as "Cosmos 3MU."
In 1976, the explosion of a Cosmos 3M on its launchpad killed nine engineers. More recently, on November 21, 2000, a Cosmos 3M launcher failed to place the QuickBird satellite into orbit due to a failure of its second stage. The rocket and satellite reentered the atmosphere over Uruguay, and an inquest into the accident was inconclusive.
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| Active: Cosmos-3M | Dnepr | Molniya | Proton | Rockot | Shtil' | Soyuz (U, 2) | START-1 | Strela | Tsyklon | Volna | Zenit | ||
| In Development: Angara | Onega | ||
| Past: Energia | N1 | Polyot | R-7 Semyorka | Voskhod | Vostok |
| Current: |
Ariane 5 · Atlas V · Cosmos-3M · Delta II · Delta IV · Dnepr · Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle · H-IIA · Long March · Minotaur · Molniya · Pegasus · Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle · Proton · Rockot · Shavit · Soyuz (U, 2) · Taurus · Tsyklon · Zenit |
|---|---|
| Planned: | |
| Historical: |
Ariane 1 · Ariane 2/3 · Ariane 4 · Atlas ICBM · Atlas II · Atlas III · Black Arrow · Delta III · Diamant · Energia · Europa · H-II · J-I · Juno I · M-V · N1 · R-7 Semyorka · Saturn I · Saturn IB · Saturn V · Saturn INT-21 · Scout · Thor · Titan (I, II, III, IIIB, IV) · Vanguard · Voskhod · Vostok |
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