EIF-2
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eIF-2 (a heterotrimer of subunits alpha, beta, and gamma) mediates the binding of Met-tRNA1 to the ribosome in a GTP-dependent manner.
eIF-2 is released from the ribosome bound to GDP as an inactive binary complex.
To participate in another round of translation initiation, this GDP must be exchanged for GTP.
Under steady-state conditions of translation, eIF-2 must be recycled in order to participate in another round of translation initiation.
Conversion of the inactive eIF-2-GDP to the active eIF-2-GTP form is catalyzed by a guanine nucleotide exchange factor, eIF-2B.
Phosphorylation of the alpha subunit of eIF-2 inhibits translation initiation by impairing the eIF-2B-catalyzed guanine nucleotide exchange reaction.
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