Empty category principle
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The Empty Category Principle (ECP) is part of Government and Binding Theory. It describes a universal syntactic constraint that requires traces to be properly governed. Proper government is defined as follows:
A properly governs B iff A theta-governs B or A antecedens-governs B.
A theta-governs B iff A governs B and A theta-marks B.
A antecedent-governs B iff A governs B and is coindexed with B.
[edit] Sources
Liliane Haegeman 1994: Introduction to Government and Binding Theory (second edition). Blackwell Publishers