Evaporated milk
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Evaporated milk is a shelf-stable canned milk product with about 60% of the water removed from fresh milk. In the U.S., it is not sweetened. It differs from condensed milk which contains sugar. Condensed milk requires less processing because the added sugar inhibits bacterial growth.
Evaporated milk was popular before refrigeration as a substitute for perishable fresh milk, because it could be reconstituted by adding water. In present times, household use is most often for desserts and baking. When mixed with an equal amount of water, it can be substituted for fresh milk in recipes.
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[edit] Definition
According to the U.S. Government (21CFR131.130): "Evaporated milk is the liquid food obtained by partial removal of water only from milk. It contains not less than 6.5 percent by weight of milkfat, not less than 16.5 percent by weight of milk solids not fat, and not less than 23 percent by weight of total milk solids ... It is homogenized. It is sealed in a container ... processed by heat ... to prevent spoilage."
Vitamin D: Each fluid ounce of the food shall contain 25 International Units (IU)
Vitamin A: is optional, but if added, each fluid ounce of the food shall contain not less than 125 IU.
[edit] History
Condensed milk was introduced to the U.S. by Gail Borden which he made using a process under the patent issued on August 19, 1856. It became popular for those people who were remote from farm sources, since it was capable of long term storage. The invention of evaporated milk followed three decades later when John B. Meyenberg emigrated to the U.S. from Switzerland where he had devised the process, but had no support to begin production. He obtained two U.S. patents for his process and sterilizing apparatus, issued on November 25, 1884. He formed the Helvetia Milk Condensing Company on February 14, 1885, with a number of farmers and businessmen of Highland, Illinois, as stockholders. By June 14, 1885, the first canned "Highland Evaporated Cream" was ready to be marketed.
There were teething problems with the new product, especially since premature spoilage was frequent in the early batches. Over the next few years, Louis Latzer and Dr. Werner Schmidt identified and solved the problems due to bacteria. With the marketing efforts of John Wilde, the company eventually became very successful, and is now the PET company.
John P. Meyenberg, son of John B. Meyenberg, was the first American to evaporate goat’s milk. He started the Meyenberg business in 1934 to supply others with goat milk products that are easier to digest than cow's milk, and a necessary alternative for people like himself who were allergic to cow’s milk.
[edit] Modern Production Process
Evaporated milk is fresh, homogenized milk from which 60 percent of the water has been removed. It is then chilled, fortified with vitamins and stabilizers, packaged, and finally sterilized. A slightly caramelized flavor results from the high heat process, as does a slightly darker color than fresh milk. The evaporation process also concentrates the nutrients and the calories. Thus, for the same weight, undiluted evaporated milk contains more calories than fresh milk.
[edit] International
In Malaysia and Singapore, evaporated milk contains palm oil. It is one of the ingredients to make Teh Tarik in Malaysia. Also it is added in brewed tea to make Teh See in Singapore.
[edit] Notable producers
Evaporated milk is sold by a number of manufacturers:
- Carnation Evaporated Milk or Nestle Evaporated Milk by Nestle. During the 1950's, it sponsored, or co-sponsored, such classic television shows as "Burns & Allen" and "The Jack Benny Show", among others, and commercials for the milk were often worked into the episodes themselves (a usual practice of the time, especially with live shows).
- Eagle Brand by Eagle Family Foods Incorporated and formerly by Borden Milk Products
[edit] See also
[edit] External links
- Cooking with Canned Milk, including recipes and tips
- 21CFR131.130 - a section of U.S. Government regulations on evaporated milk.
- PET History - history of evaporated milk and the PET company.
- Today in Science History - Meyenberg's patent describing his evaporation process of preserving milk
- Nutrition facts
