Extra time

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Extra time is an additional period played in some football codes if the score is tied at the end of regular time.

Extra time is only played if the game is required to have a clear winner, e.g. in a knockout tournament where only one team can advance to the next stage. In professional association football play extra time is almost always an extra 30 minutes, made up of two 15-minute periods. Note, however, that not all competitions employ extra time; for example, CONMEBOL has never used extra time in any of the competitions it directly organises, such as the Copa Libertadores.

If such a game is still tied after extra time it is usually decided by kicks from the penalty mark, commonly called a penalty shootout.

Extra time should not be confused with the time added on to each period by the referee in allowance for time lost through substitutions, timewasting, injuries, etc. (such time being part of the period concerned).

Extra time is also used in other football codes, among them rugby union and rugby league, where it usually lasts for 20 minutes. In Australian rules football, two five-minute extra time periods are played in knockout matches when scores are tied at the end of the final quarter. In Gaelic football, two halves of ten minutes are played after a draw. In major Gaelic football tournaments, extra time is only used if a replay finishes in a tie.

[edit] In the workplace

For wage earners, extra time can refer to the hours worked within a pay period up to the point where overtime starts. For example, overtime may be paid at time and a half and may only be due for hours worked in excess of 44 per week. If a regular work week for the wage earner were 35 hours, then hours between 36 and 44 would be considered extra time and thus paid at the regular rate, whereas any hour or fraction thereof in excess of 44 hours would be paid at the higher overtime rate. Usually, both extra time and particularly overtime must be agreed to by the employer before they are worked. In unionised workplaces, especially, seniority as well as job performance can be deciding factors in the distribution of extra time and overtime.