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A Coruña (province)

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Province of A Coruña
View from the Monastery of Saint John of Caaveiro part of the "Fragas" of the River Eume National Park in Ferrolterra, A Coruña Province
Location in Galicia, Spain and Europe
Coordinates :
43°22′N 8°23′W
Time zone :

UTC+1/SummerUTC+2

Flag Coat of arms
Flag of Ferrol
Escudo_Ferrol.jpg
Basic information
Area 7,950   km² Province
1.58%   km² of Spain
Population 1,126,707 Province (04/2005)
2.55 % of Spain
Density 141.72 /km²
Capital City A Coruña
Main Cities Ferrol, Santiago & A Coruña
Government
NUTS-Code ES3
Country Spain
Region Galicia
Subdivisions 17 Regions
City Councils 96 Municipalities
Governing Parties PP / PSOE / BNG
Website http://www.dicoruna.es/

A Coruña (also: La Coruña in Spanish, La Corogne in French and La Croyne and Corunna in English) is the most North-western Atlantic facing province of Spain, and one of the four provinces which constitute the autonomous community of Galicia. This province is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean to the West and North, the Pontevedra Province to the South and the Lugo Province to the East.

Contents

[edit] International Airports and Helicopter Airfields

[edit] Railway

[edit] Major Commercial and Fishing Ports

[edit] National Parks

[edit] International World Surf Competitions

[edit] History of the Province

In recent years, El Ferrol and A Coruña have became popular stops for transatlantic steamships in route to the Mediterranean.
In recent years, El Ferrol and A Coruña have became popular stops for transatlantic steamships in route to the Mediterranean.

The history of this province starts sometime at the end of the Middle Ages during the reign of the Catholic Kings of Spain. But during those years this province was far smaller than what it is today, and this is because in 1833 the entire Province of Betanzos together with half of the Mondoñedo were amalgamated onto one single province with its capital city in A Coruña. That was going to be the beginning of a love hate relationship between the major cities caught in between: El Ferrol, Santiago de Compostela and A Coruña. It should be noted, that due to this unusual situation the dioceses of these parts of Galicia do not match any longer with the administrative divisions. Even worst than that, the capital city of the province does not have, and never had a Cathedral but both El Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela do have one. It should be note too, that the City of Santiago de Compostela is not the provincial capital, but has always been the Capital of Galicia and historically a rival to Toledo for being the most important city in Spain ecclesiastically speaking. Since 1833 the Province of A Coruña has always been the one with the largest population and largest coast. Till the second half of the 20th century this province was both the religious and cultural centre of the entire region. It should be taken into account that the University of Santiago de Compostela was the only one university in North-western Spain till the arrival of democracy after the death of General Francisco Franco.

[edit] The Industrial Revolution: El Ferrol

The City of El Ferrol in the Province of A Coruña was one of the first places, not just in Galicia but in Spain to experiment and suffer from the entire set of socioeconomic changes which affected the United Kingdom in the first half of the 18th century and the United States and some parts of Europe a century later. As a consequence of that, El Ferrol will be one of the first shipyards in the world to produce wooded ships covered with copper sheets in the early years of the 19th century, and by the end of the same century, the same shipyards were producing iron armoured ships. El Ferrol was at one point the largest city in Galicia, the place of birth of people like Pablo Iglesias Posse the founder of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party, Concepción Arenal founder of the Spanish Feminist Movement, the Franco Brothers one pioneer of world’s aviation and the other hero of the Spanish Second Republic during the early years of the 20th century.

[edit] The Peninsular War

In the Peninsular War, Sir John Moore headed a 30,000-strong British Force, which attacked Napoleon near Burgos, but they were soon forced into a long retreat chased by the French, ending in an evacuation from A Coruña in January 1809 in the Battle of Corunna (also known by its many variants and as the "Battle of Elviña". Moore was killed by a cannon shot while directing the defence of the town. His burial inspired a well-known poem.

[edit] Spanish Civil War

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[edit] The Second World War

The Following German U-Boats has been reported as sunk somewhere along the A Coruña Province's Coast:

[edit] The City of Corunna during the 20th Century

A Coruña Province Population c. 1900
District population
City of Corunna 43,971
City of El Ferrol (Civilian Pop. Only) 25,281
Santiago de Compostela 24,120
Towns, Villages and Hamlets 560,184
All the Province (Total): 653,556
(Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911) [1]

The population of the City of A Coruña in 1900 was 43,971 meanwhile the population of the rest of the province including the City and Naval Station of nearby El Ferrol as well as Santiago de Compostela was 653,556. A Coruña's miraculous growth happened during aftermaths of the Spanish Civil War at the same speed as other major Galician cities, but it was the arrival of democracy in Spain after the death of Francisco Franco the moment when the City of Corunna left all the other Galician cities behind (i.e.: with the exception of Vigo of course). The miraculous meteoric increase of population of the City of Corunna and to a lesser degree Ferrol and Santiago de Compostela, during the years which follow the Spanish Civil War during the mid 20th century, can only be explained when we see the figures of the number of villages and hamlets of the province which disappeared or nearly disappeared during the same period. We are talking here about an economic revolution and not so much to an explosion of births or a substantial increase in living standards which of course has happened too, but looking to the overall picture what has happened is that the fields have been abandon due to the introduction of new machinery and most of the population has moved to find jobs in the main cities increasing the number of people working in the Tertiary and Quaternary sectors. (Encyclopædia Britannica, 1911). [2]

[edit] The end of a University Monopoly: Santiago de Compostela

The late second half of the 20th century saw the City of Santiago de Compostela loosing its monopoly over the university studies in Galicia; when all the other Galician Universities were created. Still, not all were loses as the historical Capital of Galicia ended up being the chosen city for the Galician Government and it's Parliament: both, new institutions created with the arrival of democracy in Spain in the 1980s.

[edit] The burial-place of Saint James the Great

The cathedral of Santiago de Compostela is the reputed burial-place of Saint James the Great, one of the apostles of Jesus Christ. It is the destination of the Way of St. James (popularly known by its local denominations: Galician Camiño de Santiago, Portuguese Caminho de Santiago, Spanish Camino de Santiago, French Chemin de St. Jacques, German Jakobsweg, and so on), a major historical pilgrimage route since the Middle Ages which still gathers thousands of pilgrims each year from all sort of places in the world.

[edit] Football Teams (Soccer)

[edit] References

  1. ^ (Spanish) Atlantic Islands of Galicia National Park


edit Municipalities of A Coruña Flag of Galicia

Abegondo | Ames | Aranga | Ares | Arteixo | Arzúa | A Baña | Bergondo | Betanzos | Boimorto | Boiro | Boqueixón | Brión | Cabana de Bergantiños | Cabanas | Camariñas | Cambre | A Capela | Carballo | Cariño | Carnota | Carral | Cedeira | Cee | Cerceda | Cerdido | Cesuras | Coirós | Corcubión | Coristanco | A Coruña | Culleredo | Curtis | Dodro | Dumbría | Fene | Ferrol | Fisterra | Frades | Irixoa | A Laracha | Laxe | Lousame | Malpica de Bergantiños | Mañón | Mazaricos | Melide | Mesía | Miño | Moeche | Monfero | Mugardos | Muros | Muxia | Narón | Neda | Negreira | Noia | Oleiros | Ordes | Oroso | Ortigueira | Outes | Oza dos Ríos | Paderne | Padrón | O Pino | A Pobra do Caramiñal | Ponteceso | Pontedeume | As Pontes de García Rodríguez | Porto do Son | Rianxo | Ribeira | Rois | Sada | San Sadurniño | Santa Comba | Santiago de Compostela | Santiso | Sobrado | As Somozas | Teo | Toques | Tordoia | Touro | Trazo | Val do Dubra | Valdoviño | Vedra | Vilarmaior | Vilasantar | Vimianzo | Zas


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