Arta Kamuia
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[edit] Arta Kamuia or Kamuio (Kambojaka)
Arta (or Artas in Kharoshthi) was the elder brother of the well known Gandhara ruler Maues or Moga (Dr Stein Konow, Dr R. K. Mukerjee, Dr J. L. Kamboj).
Kharahostes’s own coins attest that Kshatrapa Kharaostes was the son of Artas (Arta):
- Kshatrapasa pra Kharaostasa Artasa putrasa (i.e. Kshatrapa Kharaosta, son of Arta).
Some of Kharaosta's known coins write Ortas instead of Artas.
The Inscriptions A and E on the Mathura Lion Capital style Kharaosta as Yuvaraya Kharaosta [1].
Scholars state that Yuvaraja Kharaosta Kamuio (Kambojaka) of the Lion Capital Inscriptions is same Kshatrapa Kharaosta whose coins have been studied by Dr Rapson and Dr Luders.
Based on the estimates of the relative ages of various personages portrayed in Lion Capital Inscriptions, Dr Stein Konow has determined that Yuvaraja Kharaosta Kamuio (i.e. son of Artas) was the father of Aiyasi Kamuia, the chief queen (Agra-Mahisi) of Saka Mahakshatrapa Rajuvula (See: Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol II, part I, p 36 & XXXVI, Dr Stein Konow). See also: [2].
Older view was that Arta, the father of Kharaosta, was the first husband of Rajuvula's chief queen who had married Rajuvula after Arta's death. However, Dr S Konow does not accept this view. The fact that last name Kamuia (Kambojaka) has been used both by Yuvaraja Kharaosta as well as by princess Aiyasi clearly proves that Aiyasi Kamuia was the daughter and not mother of Yuvaraja Kharaosta Kamuio, since it is the father's and not mother's lineage which is adopted by their off-springs.
It appears that Arta (Artas, Ortas) had died before the date of writing of the Mathura Lion Capital inscriptions.
Yuvaraja Kharaosta therefore, was the legitimate inheritor to the position as King of Kings for the kingdom of Gandhara after king Moga (See: Political History of Ancient India, 1996, p 397, Dr H. C. Raychaudhury).
It appears that Moga's kingdom was to be finally transferred to princess Aiyasi Kamuia after Yuvaraja Kharaosta Kamuio since Kharaosta Kamuio also did not have any male issue of his own.
Saka Rajuvula is said to have married Kharaosta's daughter with an eye on Moga's kingdom of Gandhara. This way, Rajuvula wanted to enhance his political clout among the Saka chiefs (Ancient India, 1956, p 220-221, R. K. Mukerjee).
This prospect was obviously not liked by other Saka chiefs. This appears to be the reason as to why the title of Shahanshahi was discontinued and only the titles of Kshatrapa and Mahakshtarpa obtained among the Sakas from that time onwards.
It appears, for some reasons, that Yuvaraja Kharaosta Kamuio (Kambojaka) could not avail the position of King of Kings after Moga's death.
No further information on Arta is yet available from any source.
[edit] External links
- Mathura Lion Capital Inscriptions [3]
- The Early Kushan Kings: New Evidence for Chronology: Para (63) [4]
[edit] See also
[edit] References
- Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol II, part I, Dr Stein Konow
- Journal of Bihar and Orissa Research society, Vol XVI, 1930, parts III, IV, Dr K. P. Jayswal
- Ancient India, 1956, Dr R. K. Mukerjee
- Comprehensive History of India, 1957, Vol II, Dr K. A. Nilkantha Shastri
- Ancient Kamboja People & Country, 1981, Dr J. L. Kamboj
- Political History of ancient India, 1996, Dr H. C. raychaudhury
- India and the World, 1964, Dr Buddha Parkash
- India and Central Asia, 1929, Dr P.C. Bagchi
- Sculptures of Mathura and Sarnath, 2002, Usha Rani Tiwari (br)
- The Sakas in India, Dr S. Chattopadhyaya
- The development of Kharoshthi Script, Dr C. C. Dasgupta
- Hellenism in Ancient India, G. N. Bannerjee
- Journal of Bihar and Orissa Research Society, Vol Xvi Parts III, IV, 1930
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