Hajdú-Bihar
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
| Hajdú-Bihar County | |
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| Region | Northern Great Plain |
| County seat | Debrecen |
| Area | 6211 km² |
| Population | 549,000 |
| Population density | 88/km² |
| Municipalities | 82 |
Hajdú-Bihar is an administrative county (comitatus or megye) in eastern Hungary, on the border with Romania. It shares borders with the Hungarian counties Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg, Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén, Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok and Békés. The capital of Hajdú-Bihar county is Debrecen. Approximate pronunciation: Huydoo-Bihar.
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[edit] Geography
The area of the county does not form a geographical unit, it shares several features with the neighbouring areas: from northeast the sand hills of the Nyírség spread over the county borders. The western part is the Hortobágy ("Puszta"), a large flat area of the country.
The county of Hajdú-Bihar occupies the eastern part of Hungary. Most of its territory is completely flat and is part of the Pannonian Plain region (called the Grand Plain in the country). The highest point hardly rises over 170.5 metres in the north. It seems that the county slopes to the south because the lowest point is situated in this part of Hajdú-Bihar and hits the 85 metres height.
The wind and the nearby rivers formed and shaped the land for thousands of years. First the area of the present Hungary was occupied by an inland sea. Then, after some underground movement, the huge peaks of the Carpathians rised from this sea. The wild and rapid rivers of the mountains slowly made that inland sea disappear. After the great Hungarian plains were formed by the alluvial deposits of the rivers, the wind began to work and from the great rocks became smaller and smaller sand-grains, the socalled loess. This covers thickly the Hajdú-Bihar plains as well and ensures good crop in the agriculture.
There are two great rivers in this area, the Tisza and the Körös. The Hortobágy part was formed by the first one. It used to be the flood area of the Tisza river and after the river was controlled, the Hortobágy went dry, resulting in a special fauna.
[edit] History
Hajdú-Bihar county was created after World War II from the pre-1938 counties Hajdú and Bihar. See the articles of those counties for the history before World War II.
[edit] Economy
[edit] Infrastructure
Roads and motorways
The No. 4, 33, 35, 42 and 47 roads are leading to the county and driving along the M3 motorway you can also reach Hajdú-Bihar. The total length of the public roads in the county is 1511 km. 122 road bridges span the rivers and canals. The roads cross the national borders to Romania in the city of Ártánd and Nyírábrány.
[edit] Regional structure
On average, Hajdú-Bihar has a small number of inhabited places: 19 towns and 62 villages. The four largest cities – both by area and by population – are Debrecen, Hajdúböszörmény, Hajdúnánás and Hajdúszoboszló. For a long time these were the only ones with city/town status, the rest of them were only villages, but after 1979 – when Berettyóújfalu became a town – several villages were promoted.
[edit] City with county rights
- Debrecen (county seat)
[edit] Towns
(ordered by population, according to the 2001 census)
| Hajdúböszörmény (32,228) | Nádudvar (9213) | Tiszacsege (5003) | |||
| Hajdúszoboszló (23,695) | Polgár (8418) | Földes (4382) | |||
| Balmazújváros (18,615) | Nyíradony (7893) | Biharkeresztes (4273) | |||
| Hajdúnánás (18,185) | Létavértes (7218) | Nyírábrány (3973) | |||
| Berettyóújfalu (16,227) | Kaba (6446) | Sárrétudvari (3049) | |||
| Püspökladány (16,126) | Téglás (6338) | Pocsaj (2732) | |||
| Hajdúhadház (13,001) | Komádi (6143) | Bagamér (2454) | |||
| Hajdúsámson (10,946) | Egyek (5620) | Csökmő (2188) | |||
| Hajdúdorog (9595) | Hosszúpályi (5525) | ||||
| Derecske (9285) | Vámospércs (5497) |
[edit] Villages
| Counties of Hungary |  |
|
|---|---|---|
| Counties: | Bács-Kiskun | Baranya | Békés | Borsod-Abaúj-Zemplén | Csongrád | Fejér | Győr-Moson-Sopron | Hajdú-Bihar | Heves | Jász-Nagykun-Szolnok | Komárom-Esztergom | Nógrád | Pest | Somogy | Szabolcs-Szatmár-Bereg | Tolna | Vas | Veszprém | Zala | |
| Urban counties: | Békéscsaba | Debrecen | Dunaújváros | Eger | Érd | Győr | Hódmezővásárhely | Kaposvár | Kecskemét | Miskolc | Nagykanizsa | Nyíregyháza | Pécs | Salgótarján | Sopron | Szeged | Szekszárd | Székesfehérvár | Szolnok | Szombathely | Tatabánya | Veszprém | Zalaegerszeg | |
| Capital: | Budapest | |
| See also: Administrative divisions of the Kingdom of Hungary; Geography of Hungary | ||
[edit] External links
- (Hungarian) Official site
- (Hungarian) Hajdu Online - The county portal
