List of people convicted of treason

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of people convicted of treason.

Some countries, such as the U.S., have a high constitutional hurdle to conviction for treason, whilst many countries, especially absolute monarchies and dictatorships, have less stringent definitions.

Contents 1 Armenia 2 Austria 3 Austria-Hungary 4 Canada 5 China 6 Republic of Congo 7 Czechoslovakia 8 East Germany 9 England 10 Fiji 11 France 12 Great Britain 13 Greece 14 Hungary 15 Israel 16 Japan 17 Kuwait 18 Netherlands 19 New Zealand 20 Norway 21 Russia 22 Scotland 23 Soviet Union 24 Spain 25 Sweden 26 Switzerland 27 United Kingdom 28 United States 29 Zimbabwe 30 Footnotes

[edit] Armenia

• Meruzhan Artzruni, Lord Prince of Vaspurakan (? - 369), for conspiring with Persian King Shapuh II against his liege-lord, Armenian King Arshak II, whom he betrayed to Persia. He was captured by Arshak's son King Pap and executed.

[edit] Austria

• Count Lajos Batthyány de Németújvár, for involvement in the 1848 Hungarian Revolution

[edit] Austria-Hungary

• Nedeljko Čabrinović, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Vaso Čubrilović, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Veljko Čubrilović, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Dragutin Dimitrijević, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Trifko Grabež, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Danilo Ilić, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Cvjetko Popović, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Gavrilo Princip, for assassinating Archduke Franz Ferdinand
• Nazario Sauro, for fighting for Italy in the First World War

[edit] Canada

• Louis Riel, Métis leader who opposed Canada's expansion into the west.
• Andrew Westbrook, for fighting for the United States during the War of 1812

[edit] China

• Zhou Fohai
• Chen Gongbo

[edit] Republic of Congo

• Pascal Lissouba, former President of the Republic of Congo

[edit] Czechoslovakia

• Karel Čurda

[edit] East Germany

• Werner Teske

[edit] England

For those after 1707, see Great Britain and United Kingdom.

• Anthony Babington, for leading the Babington Plot to overthrow Queen Elizabeth I
• Anne Boleyn, wife of King Henry VIII
• Henry Brooke, 11th Baron Cobham, who was implicated in the Main Plot against the rule of James I of England.
• Charles I, who was executed by Parliament for treason, on the grounds that he had waged war against the people. When his son Charles II regained the throne, he had most of the people responsible for his father's execution prosecuted for treason themselves, as killing the King is treason.
• Robert Devereux, 2nd Earl of Essex, who led a failed coup d'état against Queen Elizabeth I.
• Guy Fawkes, for involvement in the Gunpowder Plot
• Dafydd ap Gruffydd, for revolting against King Edward I
• Catherine Howard, wife of King Henry VIII
• Robert Kett, for leading the Norfolk Rebellion in 1549
• Thomas More, Lord Chancellor, for refusing to accept Henry VIII as Supreme Governor of the Church of England
• Sir Walter Raleigh
• Lord Russell
• William Stanley
• Chidiock Tichborne, for involvement in the Babington Plot
• William Wallace, for leading the Scottish independence movement against King Edward I
• Perkin Warbeck, for pretending and leading a rebellion against King Henry VII

[edit] Fiji

• George Speight, for plotting the Fiji coup of 2000

[edit] France

• Robert Brasillach
• Marcel Bucard
• Louis-Ferdinand Céline
• Joseph Darnand, for leading the Vichy French Milice.
• Émile Dewoitine (Plane industrialist; 20 years forced labour sentence for intelligence with the enemy and attack on state security)
• Pierre Laval, for being Prime Minister of Vichy France.
• Michel Ney
• Henri Philippe Pétain
• Marie Antoinette
• Louis XVI

[edit] Great Britain

For those before 1707, see England and Scotland. For those after 1800, see United Kingdom

• Archibald Cameron of Locheil, for his part in the 1745 Jacobite rising
• William Maxwell, 5th Earl of Nithsdale, for supporting the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715
• Thomas Paine,^[1] for publishing anti-British revolutionary literature
• Charles Radclyffe, for supporting the Jacobite Rebellion of 1715

[edit] Greece

• Georgios Hatzanestis

[edit] Hungary

• Imre Nagy, Prime Minister of Hungary, for leading the 1956 Hungarian Revolution
• Count Fidel Palffy
• László Rajk
• Andras Szalai
• Tibor Szonyi

[edit] Israel

• Mordechai Vanunu, for revealing details of Israel's nuclear weapons program to the British press in 1986.

[edit] Japan

• Kotoku Shusui, Japanese anarchist
• Ozaki Hotsumi, journalist and Soviet agent

[edit] Kuwait

• Alaa Hussein Ali, for heading the Iraqi puppet government during the Gulf War

[edit] Netherlands

• Anton Mussert, for leading the Dutch puppet regime under Nazi occupation.

[edit] New Zealand

• Hamiora Pere, for fighting against the British government in Te Kooti's War. To date, he has been the only New Zealander ever convicted of treason.

[edit] Norway

• Vidkun Quisling, for being Minister President of Nazi-occupied Norway during World War II. The word 'quisling' now means 'traitor'.
• Knut Hamsun Norwegian Nobel Prize winning writer, for supporting the Nazis
• Arne Treholt Norwegian diplomat, turned by the KGB

[edit] Russia

• Oleg Kalugin
• Mikhail Shein

[edit] Scotland

For those after 1707, see Great Britain and United Kingdom.

• Robert Baillie, for involvement in the Rye House Plot
• Alexander Gordon, for barring Queen Mary I from entering Inverness, on the orders of George Gordon, 4th Earl of Huntly
• William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie, for leading the Raid of Ruthven on King James VI
• Murdoch Stewart, 2nd Duke of Albany
• Patrick Stewart, Earl of Orkney, for usurping King James VI on the Orkney Islands

[edit] Soviet Union

• Sergei Bokhan GRU recruited by CIA
• Viktor Gundarev KGB, defected to USA, 1986
• KGB Lieutenant Colonel Valery Martynov , resource in place for USA
• KGB Major Sergei Motorin recruited by FBI
• Oleg Penkovsky
• Leonid Poleschuk KGB, worked for CIA
• General Dmitry Polyakov sold secrets to the USA
• Pyotr Popov
• Gennady Smetanin KGB
• Adolf Tolkachev, worked with CIA, executed 1986
• Gennady Varenik KGB, worked for CIA
• Andrey Vlasov
• Genrikh Yagoda

[edit] Spain

• Camilo Torres Tenorio, for leading the independence movement in Ecuador
• Francisco Xavier Mina, for fighting against the Spanish government in the Mexican War of Independence.

[edit] Sweden

• Johann Patkul, protested the land-recovery project of Charles XI of Sweden and, when unsuccessful, sided with Augustus the Strong and tried to wrest Swedish Livonia from Sweden.

[edit] Switzerland

• Jean-Louis Jeanmaire, condemned to 18 years of prison for leaking information to the soviet KGB in World War II

[edit] United Kingdom

For those before 1801, see England, Scotland, and Great Britain.

• John Amery, for trying to recruit soldiers and broadcast propaganda for Nazi Germany.
• Michael Bettaney, for passing MI5 secrets to the Soviet Union
• Roger Casement, for negotiating with Germany to provide arms to Irish revolutionaries during the First World War for use in the Irish Easter 1916 rising; hanged in August 1916.
• Participants in the 1916 Easter Rising in Ireland. Patrick Pearse, Thomas J. Clarke, Thomas MacDonagh, Joseph Mary Plunkett, Edward (Ned) Daly, William Pearse, Michael O'Hanrahan, John MacBride, Éamonn Ceannt, Michael Mallin, Cornelius Colbert, Seán Heuston, Seán Mac Diarmada, James Connolly, and Thomas Kent were shot by firing squad in May 1916.
• William Joyce, alias 'Lord Haw-Haw', for broadcasting Nazi propaganda to the United Kingdom during World War II
• Arthur Thistlewood, John Brunt, William Davidson, James Ings and Richard Tidd, participants of the 1820 Cato Street Conspiracy
• Duncan Scott-Ford, for giving information to the Nazis

[edit] United States

• John Brown, convicted of treason against the state of Virginia
• Iva Toguri D'Aquino, who is frequently identified with "Tokyo Rose." Subsequently pardoned by President Ford
• Governor Thomas Dorr 1844, convicted of treason against the state of Rhode Island; see Dorr Rebellion
• Mildred Gillars, "Axis Sally," convicted of treason on March 8, 1949, served 12 years of a 10- to 30-year prison sentence
• Hans Max Haupt, convicted of treason and sentenced to life in prison for aiding his son who was a spy for Germany during the Second World War
• Tomoya Kawakita, sentenced to death for treason, but eventually pardoned by President Kennedy and deported to Japan
• Martin James Monti, USAAF pilot, convicted of treason for defecting to the Waffen SS in 1944

[edit] Zimbabwe

• Ndabaningi Sithole, for conspiring to kill Robert Mugabe

[edit] Footnotes