Logbook of The World
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The American Radio Relay League (ARRL) created a web-based database project to collect verifiable contact information from Amateur Radio operators all over the world. These operators use a crypto key to sign their logbooks and upload them into the ARRL's Logbook of the World (LOTW) database. These entries are then compared against other logbooks that have been uploaded. Once a contact or QSO has been verified by each of the operators the contact is verified and a QSL is issued.
This is an electronic version of the old tradition of sending QSL Cards to confirm contacts between radio stations.