Marine engineering
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Marine Engineers are the members of a ship's crew that operate and maintain the propulsion and other systems onboard the vessel. Marine Engineering staff also deal with the "Hotel" facilities onboard, notably the sewage, lighting, air conditioning and water systems. They deal with bulk fuel transfers, and require training in firefighting and first aid, as well as in dealing with the ship's boats and other nautical tasks- especially with cargo loading/discharging gear and safety systems, though the specific cargo discharge function remains the responsibility of deck officers and deck workers.
Sometimes, they are involved in the design and construction of these complicated systems. New design is mostly included within the naval architecture or ship design. The field is closely related to mechanical engineering, although the modern engineer requires knowledge (and hands on experience) with electrical, electronic, pneumatic, hydraulic, chemistry, control engineering, naval architecture, process engineering, gas turbines and even nuclear technology on certain military vessels.
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[edit] Background
A ship's crew is divided into two distinct sections: those who navigate the ship and those who maintain it. The navigators are deck officers and report to the Master (also functionally referred to as Captain), and engineers whose charge is the running and maintenance of all machinery report to the Chief Engineer. Also on board are 'ratings' who are experienced hands who, though not officers, play a key role in assisting the officers in daily operations. In the Engine department, this includes electricians, motormen (or fitters, depending on nomanclature), oilers, wipers, and utilitymen who play a large role in the daily upkeep of the engine room.
The original term engineer on a ship meant the people who dealt with the engines ("The black hand gang"), as opposed to the Consulting Engineer concept. Marine Engineers are generally much more hands on, and often get dirty, sweaty and work in arduous conditions with temperatures in the engine room spaces exceeding 50 degrees Celsius (122 degrees Fahrenheit). Care and a clear head need to be maintained at all times, however, especially with heavy machinery in a seaway, and in managing the rest of the engine-room crew.
There are 4 classifications of Marine Engineering licences throughout the merchant marine, those being Chief Engineer, First Assistant/Second Engineer, Second Assistant/Third Engineer, and Third Assistant/Fourth Engineer.
[edit] Personnel
A common Engineering crew for a ship is:
- (1) Chief Engineer
- (1) Second Engineer / First Assistant Engineer
- (1) Third Engineer / Second Assistant Engineer
- (1-2) Fourth Engineer / Third Assistant Engineer
- (0-2) Fifth Engineer / Junior Engineer
- (1-3) Oiler (unlicenced qualified rating)
- (0-3) Greaser/s (unlicensed qualified rating)
- (1-5) Entry-level rating (such as Wiper (occupation), Utilityman, etc)
[edit] Insignia
Engineer Officers bear the same number of stripes on epaulettes as Deck Officers with complementary rank. For instance, a Chief Engineer bears 4 stripes, as a Captain does, but they are distinguished by the epaulettes bearing the Engineer's Blue. There is a popular legend that Engineers wear the color blue in honor of the RMS Titanic's Engineers who never abandoned their stations and went down with the ship. But that colorful story is not quite the source of the honour. In the 1830s, Joseph Whitworth invented the method of making truly accurate flat surfaces by using Engineer's blue. The method is also used for testing bearing and journal surfaces. It is this color that Engineers wear.
A different means of differentiating engineering officers from deck officers is by the device above the stripes. In some merchant fleets, a propeller device is located above the engineer's stripes while an anchor or a diamond is located above the deck officer's stripes.
[edit] See also
- Engine room
- List of maritime colleges
- Naval Postgraduate School - Monterey, California
- United States Merchant Marine Academy - Kings Point, New York
- United States Coast Guard Academy - New London, CT
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University - Blacksburg, VA
- World Maritime University
[edit] External links
Maritime Resources
- International Maritime Organization (IMO)
- Directory of Maritime Links
- SeaLibrary Online (IMO Library Catalogues)
- CMTI - Compendium of Maritime Training Institutes (Maritime Colleges Database - CMTI)
- Working Life on Board Ship
Maritime Associations
- Australia's national centre for maritime education, training and research
- The Institute of Marine Engineering, Science and Technology
- The Society of Naval Architects & Marine Engineers, Singapore
- Canadian Institute of Marine Engineering
- Society of Naval Architects and Marine Engineers
- Naval Architecture & Marine Engineering Dept. of Technical University Athens
