User:Nposs/consonants
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[edit] Consonants
Hmong uses a number of phonological features unfamiliar to English speakers, like aspiration, prenasalization, and lateral release, to make phonemic contrasts. The consonant inventory of Hmong is shown in the chart below. (Consonants particular to White Hmong and Green Mong color coded respectively.)
| Bilabial | Bilabial with lateral release |
Labio dental |
Dental | Dental with lateral release |
Retroflex | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Plosive | Voiceless | p | pʰ | pˡ | pɬ | t | tʰ | tˡ | tɬ | ʈ | ʈʰ | c | cʰ | k | kʰ | q | qʰ | ʔ | ||
| Voiced | d | dʱ | ||||||||||||||||||
| Prenasalized | mb | mbʱ | mbˡ | mbɬ | nd | ndʱ | ndˡ | ndɬ | ɳɖ | ɳɖʱ | ɲɟ | ɲɟʱ | ŋɡ | ŋɡʱ | ɴɢ | ɴɢʱ | ||||
| Affricate | Voiceless | ts | tsʰ | ʈʂ | ʈʂʰ | |||||||||||||||
| Prenasalized | ndz | ndzʱ | ɳɖʐ | ɳɖʐʱ | ||||||||||||||||
| Nasal | m | m̥ | mˡ | m̥ɬ | n | n̥ | ɲ | ɲ̥ | ||||||||||||
| Fricative | v | f | s | ʐ | ʂ | ʝ | ç | h | ||||||||||||
| Lateral | l | ɬ | ||||||||||||||||||
