R-410A
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R-410A is a near-azeotropic mixture of difluoromethane and pentafluoroethane which is used as a refrigerant in air conditioning applications. Unlike many haloalkane refrigerants it does not contribute to ozone depletion, and is therefore becoming more widely used as ozone-depleting refrigerants are phased out.
While R-410A was invented and patented by Allied Signal, now Honeywell, who also owns all distribution rights to the compound, it was successfully applied into air conditioning equipment by a combined effort of three companies. Carrier Corporation, Copeland, and Allied Signal worked together in developing the refrigerant for practical use in Air Conditioners. R-410A is marketed under several trade names such as Puron, AZ-20, and Suva 9100. R-410A is incompatible with the R-22 refrigerant.
Carrier Corporation was the first company to introduce a PuronTM based unit into the marketplace in 1996. Carrier Corporation holds the trademark Puron.
Installation of R-410A systems requires a few things that R-22 doesn't necessarily require. All R-410A systems have a liquid line filter-dryer included, which must be installed. Before and during brazing, nitrogen must be run through the lineset and indoor coil. When pulling a vacuum, it is important to get the vacuum below 450 microns (like mineral oil used with R22, POE oil absorbs moisture, but unlike mineral oil, POE oil breaks down in the presence of moisture to form acids). R-410A must be liquid charged. On a new installation, three ounces of refrigerant should be added for every five foot section after the first 15 feet (factory precharge). If a R-410A system is undercharged, one must carefully put liquid through the vapor line. Vapor charging R-410A will contaminate the system. Liquid charging will allow the ingredients to mix in the proper proportions. The operating pressures with R-410A are higher than R-22. Typical head pressure will be somewhere in the 275 to 375psi range, while suction will be in the vicinity of around 150psi. All R-410A systems use an expansion valve at the indoor coil. If one has a universal coil (one that can use R-22 or R-410A) the valve must be installed and the piston removed. Coils designed for R-410A already have the expansion valve installed. When servicing a R-410A system, the refrigerant must be recovered. It is illegal to blow a charge with any refrigerant, including R-410A.
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