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Rowing at the Summer Olympics - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rowing at the Summer Olympics

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Rowing

Rowing has been contested since the 1900 Summer Olympics. The sport had been on the program at the 1896 Summer Olympics but was cancelled due to weather. Only men were allowed to compete until 1976 when women's events were introduced at the 1976 Summer Olympics in Montreal. Lightweight events were introduced to the games in 1996. However, this came under threat in 2002 when the Programme Commission of the IOC recommended that, outside combat sports and weightlifting, there should not be weight category events. The Executive Board overturned this recommendation and lightweight rowing continues.

At the current Olympics the following 14 events are offered:

  • Men: quad sculls, double sculls, single sculls, eight, coxless four, coxless pair
  • Lightweight Men: coxless four, double sculls
  • Women: quad sculls, double sculls, single sculls, eight, coxless pair
  • Lightweight Women: double sculls


Contents

[edit] Race Distance

Men's races have been raced over the standard 2,000 m except in 1900 (1,750 m), 1904 (1.5 miles), 1906 (various), 1908 (1.5 miles) and 1948 (1,880 m). The 1908 and 1948 were held over the Henley Royal Regatta course.

Women's races were 1,000 m until 1988 when they were changed to 2,000 m.

Early games featured match races between 2 or 3 boats (and in 1952, between 4 and 5 boats). The modern six boat side by side format was first adopted at the 1936 Games, and has been the standard since the 1956 Games.

[edit] Qualification

There is a limited number of places for racing so FISA hold qualification events in order to determine who competes at the Olympic Games. At the games, each National Olympic Committee can only have one boat per event.

The main qualification comes from the previous year's World Rowing Championships. Other qualifying events are called "Continental Qualification Regattas", of which 4 are held during the year of the games - Asia, Africa, Latin America, and Final (open to everyone else). Each year FISA issues details of how many crews qualify at each regatta.

At the World Champs, the top finishing boats guarantee a place for that country - the rowers in the crew can be changed before the games. At the qualification regattas, it is the crew that qualifies and no changes can be made (except for illness or injury).

[edit] Medal Table

 Rank  Nation Gold Silver Bronze Total
1 East Germany East Germany (GDR) 33 7 7 47
2 United States United States (USA) 30 29 21 80
3 Great Britain Great Britain (GBR) 21 17 8 46
4 Germany Germany (GER) 18 12 13 43
5 Romania Romania (ROM) 18 10 7 35
6 Soviet Union Soviet Union (URS) 12 20 9 41
7 Italy Italy (ITA) 10 13 13 36
8 Australia Australia (AUS) 8 7 11 26
9 Canada Canada (CAN) 7 13 12 32
10 France France (FRA) 6 11 10 27
11 Switzerland Switzerland (SUI) 6 8 9 23
12 Netherlands Netherlands (NED) 5 11 9 25
13 Denmark Denmark (DEN) 5 3 8 16
14 New Zealand New Zealand (NZL) 5 2 6 13
15 West Germany West Germany (FRG) 4 5 6 15
16 United Team of Germany United Team of Germany (EUA) 4 4 2 10
17 Finland Finland (FIN) 3 0 3 6
18 Norway Norway (NOR) 2 7 5 14
19 Bulgaria Bulgaria (BUL) 2 4 8 14
20 Poland Poland (POL) 2 2 9 13
21 Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia (TCH) 2 2 7 11
22 Belarus Belarus (BLR) 2 1 2 5
23 Yugoslavia Yugoslavia (YUG) 1 1 3 5
24 Slovenia Slovenia (SLO) 1 1 2 4
25 Russia Russia (RUS) 1 0 3 4
26 Argentina Argentina (ARG) 1 0 1 2
27 Belgium Belgium (BEL) 0 6 2 8
28 Austria Austria (AUT) 0 3 2 5
29 China China (CHN) 0 2 2 4
30 Sweden Sweden (SWE) 0 2 0 2
31 Uruguay Uruguay (URU) 0 1 3 4
32 Hungary Hungary (HUN) 0 1 2 3
33 Argentina Argentina (ARG) 0 1 1 2
Croatia Croatia (CRO) 0 1 1 2
35 Czech Republic Czech Republic (CZE) 0 1 0 1
Estonia Estonia (EST) 0 1 0 1
Spain Spain (ESP) 0 1 0 1
38 Unified Team Unified Team (EUN) 0 0 1 1
Lithuania Lithuania (LTU) 0 0 1 1
South Africa South Africa (RSA) 0 0 1 1
Ukraine Ukraine (UKR) 0 0 1 }

[edit] Multiple medalists

Athlete (nation) Olympics  Gold  Silver Bronze Total Notes
Romania Elisabeta Lipă
Romania (ROM)
1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 5 2 1 8 20 years between first and last gold medal
Great Britain Stephen Redgrave
Great Britain (GBR)
1984, 1988, 1992, 1996, 2000 5 0 1 6 Gold medals in 5 straight Games
Romania Doina Ignat
Romania (ROM)
1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 4 1 0 5 Part of Romania's three-straight gold medalist eight
Great Britain Matthew Pinsent
Great Britain (GBR)
1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 4 0 0 4 Four straight Olympic golds, teammate of Stephen Redgrave
Germany Kathrin Boron
Germany (GER)
1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 4 0 0 4 Four straight Olympic golds
Romania Georgeta Damian
Romania (ROM)
2000, 2004 4 0 0 4 Won the pair and the eights in both 2000 and 2004
Great Britain Jack Beresford
Great Britain (GBR)
1920, 1924, 1928, 1932, 1936 3 2 0 5 First rower to win a medal at 5 straight Olympics. WWII prevented a sixth medal
Romania Elena Georgescu
Romania (ROM)
1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 3 1 0 4 Coxswain of Romania's women's eight
Canada Marnie McBean
Canada (CAN)
1992, 1996 3 0 1 4 Along with rowing partner Kathleen Heddle, most medaled Canadian
Canada Kathleen Heddle
Canada (CAN)
1992, 1996 3 0 1 4 Won all her medals with rowing partner Marnie McBean
Australia James Tomkins
Australia (AUS)
1988, 1992, 1996, 2000, 2004 3 0 1 4 Most medaled Australian rower
United States John B. Kelly, Sr.
United States (USA)
1920, 1924 3 0 0 3 First rower to win 3 gold medals. Father of movie star turned princess Grace Kelly
United States Paul Costello
United States (USA)
1920, 1924, 1928 3 0 0 3 First man to win 3 gold medals in the same event, the double sculls
Soviet Union Vyacheslav Ivanov
Soviet Union (URS)
1956, 1960, 1964 3 0 0 3 Won all his medals in the most prestigious event, the single sculls
East Germany Sigfried Brietzke
East Germany (GDR)
1972, 1976, 1980 3 0 0 3 First German triple gold medalist. Won in the pair and the coxless four
Finland Pertti Karppinen
Finland (FIN)
1976, 1980, 1984, 1988, 1992 3 0 0 3 Won all his medals in the most prestigious event, the single sculls
Italy Agostino Abbagnale
Italy (ITA)
1988, 1996, 2000 3 0 0 3 His brothers Carmine and Giuseppe each won 2 gold medals.
Romania Constanţa Burcica
Romania (ROM)
1996, 2000, 2004 3 0 0 3 Won all three medals in the women's lightweight double sculls
Romania Liliana Gafencu
Romania (ROM)
1996, 2000, 2004 3 0 0 3 Won all three medals in Romania's women's eight
Romania Viorica Susanu
Romania (ROM)
1996, 2000, 2004 3 0 0 3 Won two medals in the women's eight, and one in the pair

[edit] Events

[edit] Men's

Event 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 Years
Single sculls 24
Double sculls 21
Quadruple sculls 8
Coxless pairs 22
Coxed pairs 18
Coxless fours 23
Coxed fours •• 18
Eights 24
Lightweight Double sculls 3
Lightweight Coxless fours 3
Events 0 5 5 4 4 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

[edit] Women's

Event 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 Years
Single sculls 8
Double sculls 8
Quadruple sculls 8
Coxless pairs 8
Coxed fours 4
Coxless fours 1
Eights 8
Lightweight Double sculls 3
Events 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

[edit] Discontinued events

In the early games (1900 and 1904) there were several other categories of events (Junior, Novice, Association, and Intermediate). A number of other boat classes have made an appearance at several games but were subsequently dropped. These were:

  • Men's Coxed Pair (1900-1992)
  • Men's Coxed Four (1900-1992)
  • Women's Coxed Four (1976-1988)
  • Women's Coxed Quad Sculls (1976-1984)
  • Women's Coxless Four (1992)
  • Men's Coxed Four with Inriggers (1912)
  • Six-Man Naval Rowing Boats (1906)
  • 17-Man Naval Rowing Boats (1906)

[edit] Nations

Nation 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 Years
Australasia Australasia (ANZ)   - - - 10 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
Austria Austria (AUT)   - - - 6 -
Belgium Belgium (BEL)   11 - 10 6 20
Bohemia Bohemia (BOH)   - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1
Brazil Brazil (BRA)   - - - - 5
Canada Canada (CAN)   - 9 13 10 5
Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia (TCH)   - - - - 15 - - -
Denmark Denmark (DEN)   - - - 15 1
Finland Finland (FIN)   - - - 6 -
France France (FRA)   47 - - 17 14
Germany Germany (GER)   21 - 3 25 20 - - - - - - - - - - - -
Great Britain Great Britain (GBR)   1 - 30 24 10
Hungary Hungary (HUN)   - - 11 11 -
Italy Italy (ITA)   1 - 1 - 6
Netherlands Netherlands (NED)   13 - 4 - 12
New Zealand New Zealand (NZL)   - - - - 1
Norway Norway (NOR)   - - 9 24 13
Russia Russia (RUS)   - - - 1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
Spain Spain (ESP)   5 - - - -
Sweden Sweden (SWE)   - - - 28 6
Switzerland Switzerland (SUI)   - - - - 13
United States United States (USA)   9 35 - - 15
Nations 0 8 2 8 14 15
Rowers 0 108 44 81 184 136
Year 96 00 04 08 12 20 24 28 32 36 48 52 56 60 64 68 72 76 80 84 88 92 96 00 04 24

[edit] Links


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